Effects of food type and feeding frequency on the performance of early juveniles of the sea urchin Loxechinus albus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea): Implications for aquaculture and restocking

Cárcamo, P. Francisco

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.10.045

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…() report that FCR among L. variegatus may increase when dietary energy becomes limiting and James & Siikavuopio () report increased FCR among S. droebachiensis fed continuously as compared to those fed and then starved. Conversely, FCR among juvenile L. albus fed continuously is significantly lower than that of individuals fed intermittently (Cárcamo ). Studies with other sea urchin species, including Strongylocentrotus franciscanus (McBride et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Urchins in this study were fed formulated diets which were exchanged daily to mitigate nutrient loss due to leaching. In this study, urchins were starved for a shorter time period in intermittent treatments than those reported in Cárcamo () or James & Siikavuopio (). Unlike the James & Siikavuopio () study, urchins in this study were also subject to circadian rhythms, which are known to affect feeding in many organisms, including sea urchins (Lawrence et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…() reported reduced gonad production in P. lividus fed intermittently as compared to those fed daily, indicating that daily feeding may be necessary to optimize production. Likewise, continuous feeding is necessary among juvenile Loxechinus albus to optimize growth, feed intake and feed conversion ratio (Cárcamo ). Reduced gonad index is reported in Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis (Minor & Scheibling ; James & Siikavuopio ), Strongylocentrotus intermedius (Zhao et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Feeding events should be scheduled so that feed is rapidly and completely consumed (Tacon ), and both feed assimilation and production efficiency are optimized (Boujard & Leatherland ). Two recent studies have evaluated the effect of feed management techniques on sea urchins: Cárcamo () fed natural feeds both ad libitum and intermittently ( ad libitum 2 days, starved 3 days) to L. albus and found increased growth and efficiencies when urchins were fed daily. James & Siikavuopio () fed artificial diets to S. droebachiensus held under a 24‐h light cycle (no circadian rhythm).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feeding time, frequency and ration affect growth and energy allocation in young adults of the sea urchinLytechinus variegatus

Heflin

Watts

2015

Aquacult Nutr

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In a 62‐day growth trial, wild caught Lytechinus variegatus (ca. 18 g, 35 ± 2 mm dia.) were fed as follows: (i) ration equivalent to 3% of average body weight proffered once daily in the morning (AM treatment); (ii) ration equivalent to 3% of average body weight proffered once daily in the evening (PM treatment); (iii) ration equivalent to 1.5% of average body weight proffered twice daily (every 12 h, AM/PM treatment); (iv) ration equivalent to 3% of average body weight proffered in the evening on alternate days (EODSR/PM); or (v) ration equivalent to 6% of average body weight proffered in the evening on alternate days (EODDR/PM). At 30 and 62 days, wet weight gain among urchins fed daily was significantly higher than that of urchins fed on alternate days, regardless of ration size. At 62 days, reduced gonad dry matter production and gonad index were observed among individuals fed on alternate days, regardless of ration size. At 30 and 62 days, feed conversion ratio was optimized among individuals fed daily and in the EODSR/PM treatment. These data suggest that, for culture of L. variegatus, daily feeding will optimize growth, gonad production and feed efficiency regardless of ration size or time of feeding.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feeding time, frequency and ration affect growth and energy allocation in young adults of the sea urchinLytechinus variegatus

Heflin

Watts

2015

Aquacult Nutr

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“…Many articles have been published describing the features of the mechanisms of biological action of previously discovered compounds. Of particular interest are compounds isolated from holothurians and sea urchins [ 1 , 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Features and Advantages of Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Sea Cucumber Cucumaria frondosa japonica Semper, 1868

et al. 2020

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Extraction process of Cucumaria frondosa japonica Semper, 1868, which are subspecies of Cucumaria frondosa (Gunnerus, 1767), were studied. It was shown that supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of holothuria was more effective than conventional solvent extraction. Step-by-step extraction with carbon dioxide followed by supercritical extraction with the addition of a co-solvent of ethanol can almost double the yields of extracts of triterpene glycosides, styrenes and carotenoids. Moreover, the fraction of triterpene glycosides practically does not contain colored impurities, in contrast to traditional ethanol extraction. The obtained extracts by HPLC in combination with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) identified 15 triterpene glycosides, 18 styrene compounds and 14 carotenoids. Supercritical extraction made it possible to obtain extracts with yields superior to conventional hexane and alcohol extracts. Moreover, such an approach with the use of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and subsequent profiling of metabolites can help with the study of holothuria species that are not as well studied.

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Combining computer vision and standardised protocols for improved measurement of live sea urchins for research and industry

De Vos,

Cyrus,

Macey

et al. 2023

Aquaculture Fish & Fisheries

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To allow sea urchin aquaculture to achieve its intended scale, efficient and precise methods for measuring large numbers of urchins in commercial‐scale operations are needed. Current protocols for measuring urchin test (shell) dimensions and mass are time‐consuming and prone to high measurement error, thus inconvenient in research and impractical in a commercial context. This study investigates and compares various measurement methods with a newly developed computer vision approach developed in this study, to establish a single protocol using precise, efficient and accessible methodology for measuring live urchins. We show that urchin wet mass can vary up to 8.73% depending on time out of water; this is significantly reduced to an average of 0.1% change by allowing urchins to drip‐dry for at least 90 s prior to weighing. We found the conventional vernier calliper method used to measure urchin dimensions to be both time‐consuming and imprecise (mean coefficient of variation (CV) of 2.41% for Tripneustes gratilla). Conversely, the computer vision programme we developed measures with higher precision (mean CV of 1.55% for T. gratilla) and is considerably faster. The software uses a series of hue saturation value filters, edge detection algorithms and distortions to measure the diameter of the test (excluding spines) of multiple urchins at once. The software is open‐source, and the protocol does not require specialised equipment (can be performed with a mobile phone camera). When the computer vision application is combined with the simple procedures described in this paper, to reduce measurement inaccuracies, urchin wet mass and diameter can be more efficiently and precisely determined. For a larger scale context, this software could easily be incorporated into various tools, such as a grading machine, to completely automate various farm processes. As such, this study has potential to assist urchin data collection in both research and commercial contexts.

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Effects of food type and feeding frequency on the performance of early juveniles of the sea urchin Loxechinus albus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea): Implications for aquaculture and restocking

Cited by 20 publications

References 38 publications

Feeding time, frequency and ration affect growth and energy allocation in young adults of the sea urchinLytechinus variegatus

Feeding time, frequency and ration affect growth and energy allocation in young adults of the sea urchinLytechinus variegatus

Features and Advantages of Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Sea Cucumber Cucumaria frondosa japonica Semper, 1868

Combining computer vision and standardised protocols for improved measurement of live sea urchins for research and industry

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