Effects of Free Trade on Women and Immigrants: CAFTA and the Rural Dominican Republic

Filipski, Mateusz; Taylor, J. Edward; Msangi, Siwa

doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2011.04.010

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…For instance, the sector of food, beverages and tobacco increased by 23 per cent from 2006-2010, while in the 1996-2000 IJDI 15,2 was 16 per cent; footwear and apparel by 22 per cent after free trade and 8 per cent in 1996-2000; and furniture and accessories by 14 per cent in the later period vis-à-vis 19 per cent in the previous one. Contrary to the theoretical findings of Filipski et al (2011), this free trade agreement did not create, in general, a tangible reduction in prices. Prices might be lower to the importers, but those savings may not be passed on to the consumers if there is no intense competition.…”

Section: Jobless Growthcontrasting

confidence: 99%

Free trade zones, liberalization, remittances, and tourism, for what?

Caraballo-Cueto

2016

IJDI

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Purpose The Dominican trade deficit represents almost 16 per cent of its gross domestic product (GDP) and is insufficiently counteracted by tourism and remittances; not even a high devaluation closed the imbalance. Eighty per cent of the exports are from free trade zones. These facts reflect their low domestic entrepreneurial capacity. The purpose of this study is to critically evaluate the Dominican economic model. Design/methodology/approach The author motivates the discussion with descriptive statistics and then applies multiple time-series regressions at the macro level and at the industry level. Findings The attraction of foreign firms appears to substitute, and not complement, the building of local capacity. Regressions show that a GDP growth of 5 per cent does not decrease the high unemployment rate. Originality/value Using new Okun’s equations, it is concluded that sectors dominated by local producers and improvements in the trade balance better impact the unemployment. These findings challenge conventional wisdom that characterizes the Dominican economy as a “successful story”.

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Section: Jobless Growthcontrasting

confidence: 99%

Free trade zones, liberalization, remittances, and tourism, for what?

Caraballo-Cueto

2016

IJDI

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“…However, although EU accession could have effects on labor allocation in agriculture, previous studies have not analyzed this issue. There have been some studies that treated impacts of trade and policy reforms on gender issues with computable general equilibrium (CGE) simulation models (for example, Fontana and Wood, 2000 ;Arndt et al, 2006 ;Filipski et al, 2011) . However, these studies generally do not explicitly include social customs in their model specifications and do not examine their effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these studies generally do not explicitly include social customs in their model specifications and do not examine their effects. For example, Filipski et al (2011) illustrated gender differences in the effects of free trade on labor by focusing on the composition of elasticity among many types of work. However, this method cannot clearly distinguish between the effects of social customs and other factors such as differences caused by physical characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Social Customs Restrict EU Accession Effects on Female Labor Participation in Agricultural Production in Rural Adana, Turkey: A Simulation Analysis

Maru

2016

JJRE

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This study investigates the relationship between female labor participation and social customs in a rural area of Mediterranean Turkey, and examines how and to what extent existing social customs restricting female labor supply would constrain the effects on agricultural production and farm behavior of Turkey's accession to the European Union (EU). Based on the results obtained in a field survey, a household model incorporating social customs is constructed that demonstrates the effects of divergence from standard female labor participation rates in crop production. Using this model, computable general equilibrium simulation analyses of Turkey's accession to the EU are conducted. The results show that although social customs may restrain agricultural production by limiting female labor participation in crop production, their restraining effects are not as large as the effects of the changed production circumstances that would be caused by Turkey's accession to the EU.

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“…Jung, Ujehlyi, & Villegas-Sanchez researched the impact of wage imbalances on gender inequality and its relationship with trade liberalization found that, with the reduction of tariffs and increased trade openness, wages and employment for female workers increased in Mexico, specifically because of NAFTA agreement. Filipski and Msangi (2011) researched the effects of CAFTA-DR on women immigrants found that, there were vastly different impacts that the CAFTA-DR had based on the participants region and gender.…”

Section: Ftas and Gender Inequalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of trade liberalization on gender inequality in central america and its relevance to the textile and apparel industry and academy

Robertson¹

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[EMBARGOED UNTIL 5/1/2023] Addressing gender (in)equality issues is a concern in Central America (CA) and a global challenge as measured by the Gender Inequality Index (GII). This study used the Heckscher-Ohlin (1933) theory of international trade and the Becker (2010) theory of economic discrimination to examine the impact of CAFTA-DR and TA trade on gender (in)equality in CA. To achieve this purpose, the study used a mixed-methods research design and had two specific questions: (a) RQ1 - "is the implementation of CAFTA-DR and growth in textile and clothing exports and imports associated with gender (in)equality in CAFTA-DR countries? and (b) RQ2 - "how do textile and apparel manufacturing industry women professionals and academics in El Salvador perceive the changes in gender (in)equality overtime due to CAFTA-DR's implementation". The findings suggests that the implementation of CAFTA-DR is associated with positive changes in four out of the five areas of gender (in)equality, including maternal mortality rate, adolescent birth rate, women in parliament seats, and labor force participation of women. The findings also suggest that changes in TA import and exports have had varying degrees of positive effect on gender (in)equality across CAFTA-DR countries and across all GII dimensions. Qualitatively, this study found that more women in El Salvador were pursued careers in the TA industry and collaborated with peers to learn the foundational techniques. CAFTA-DR. Overall, the findings supported Heckscher-Ohlin theory of international trade (1933) and Becker's (1957) economic discrimination theory which suggests, as countries develop and trade grows, gender disparities improve overtime. From the findings, scholars might assess how to improve the lives of women working in TA industries by researching how to close the gaps on (in)equality that impact their at-work and at-home lives as the industry continues to grow and develop.

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Effects of Free Trade on Women and Immigrants: CAFTA and the Rural Dominican Republic

Cited by 13 publications

References 43 publications

Free trade zones, liberalization, remittances, and tourism, for what?

Free trade zones, liberalization, remittances, and tourism, for what?

How Social Customs Restrict EU Accession Effects on Female Labor Participation in Agricultural Production in Rural Adana, Turkey: A Simulation Analysis

The effects of trade liberalization on gender inequality in central america and its relevance to the textile and apparel industry and academy

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