Effects of frequent cannabis use on hippocampal activity during an associative memory task

Jager, Gerry; Hell, H.H. van; Win, Maartje M. L. de; Kahn, René S.; Brink, Wim van den; Ree, Jan M. van; Ramsey, Nick F.

doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2006.10.003

Cited by 159 publications

(182 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…To date, the majority of studies assessing the effects of cannabis on human brain function have focused on higher sensory, attentional, and memory processes (Patrick et al, 1995(Patrick et al, , 1997Iversen, 2003;Skosnik et al, 2001Skosnik et al, , 2006aRamaekers et al, 2006;Jager et al, 2007). However, several of these studies have led to ambiguous and equivocal results, which may be due to the fact that tasks evaluating higher cognitive processes probe the integrity of distributed neocortical networks (ie neocortical areas contain relatively moderate CB1 densities compared with structures such as the basal ganglia and the cerebellum).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis Use Disrupts Eyeblink Conditioning: Evidence for Cannabinoid Modulation of Cerebellar-Dependent Learning

Skosnik

Edwards

O’Donnell

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

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While the cerebellum contains the highest density of cannabinoid receptor (CB1) in the brain, no studies have assessed the effect of exogenous cannabinoids on cerebellar-dependent learning in humans. The current study, therefore, examined the effect of chronic cannabis use on classical eyeblink conditioning (EBC), a cerebellar-mediated task which has been shown to be disrupted in CB1 knockout mice. Chronic cannabis users (24 h abstinence before study; positive THC urine drug test) free of DSM-IV Axis-I or -II disorders, were evaluated. A delay EBC task was utilized, in which a conditioned stimulus (CS; 400 ms tone) co-terminated with a corneal air puff unconditioned stimulus (US; 50 ms), thus eliciting a conditioned blink response (CR). The cannabis group exhibited markedly fewer, and more poorly timed CRs as compared to drug-naive controls. There were no differences between the groups in either the unconditioned response (UR) or an EEG measure of selective attention to the CS (N100 auditory ERP), indicating that the disruption observed in the cannabis group was specific to CR acquisition. These results suggest that cannabis use is associated with functional deficits in the cerebellar circuitry underlying EBC, a finding which corroborates the recent work in CB1 knockout mice.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis Use Disrupts Eyeblink Conditioning: Evidence for Cannabinoid Modulation of Cerebellar-Dependent Learning

Skosnik

Edwards

O’Donnell

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…Indeed although cannabis users performed normally in the laboratory tasks administered here this does not imply that THC has no effect on the neural structures supporting these tasks. Jager et al (2007) asked their participants to perform an associative learning task. Utilising fMRI, lower activation levels among frequent cannabis users were observed in the medial temporal structures (especially the para-hippocampal area) and the right DLPFC.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-world memory and executive processes in cannabis users and non-users

Fisk

Montgomery

2008

J Psychopharmacol

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Real-world memory and executive processes in cannabis users and non-users http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/1101/ Article LJMU has developed LJMU Research Online for users to access the research output of the University more effectively. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may download and/or print one copy of any article(s) in LJMU Research Online to facilitate their private study or for non-commercial research. You may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain.The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of the record. Please see the repository URL above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription.For more information please contact researchonline@ljmu.ac.uk http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/ Citation (please note it is advisable to refer to the publisher's version if you intend to cite from this work) The relationships between executive processes, associative learning and different aspects of real world memory functioning were explored in a sample of cannabis users and nonusers. Measures of executive component processes, associative learning, everyday memory, prospective memory, and cognitive failures were administered. Relative to nonusers, cannabis users were found to be impaired in several aspects of real world memory functioning. No other group differences were apparent. The absence of cannabis related deficits in those executive component processes and aspects of learning that are believed to support real world memory processes is surprising given that cannabis related deficits were obtained in real world memory. The present results are discussed within the context of neuroimaging evidence which suggests that cannabis users may exhibit different patterns of neural activation when performing executive tasks while not always exhibiting deficits on these tasks.Keywords: Cannabis, executive processes, prospective memory, cognitive failures 3 The focus of the present paper is real world memory functioning in abstinent cannabis users. More specifically we intend to explore the basis of cannabis-related deficits in prospective memory, everyday memory, and cognitive failures, and the extent to which these impairments are underpinned by deficits in pre-frontal executive processes. Given that cannabis is clearly the most popular illicit drug in North America, Europe and in other parts of the world (Andersson et al, 2005) it is of considerable importance to investigate whether consumption of the drug is associated with cognitive deficits.Cannabis contains a number of chemical compounds collectively known as cannabinoids. The psychoactive properties of cannabis are mainly due to one of these cannabinoids, Δ 9 tetrahydrocannabinol, (THC). Animal studies have revealed that chronic administration of THC causes hippocampal damage and impairs maze learning in rats ...

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“…Estudios en animales y con humanos voluntarios muestran que los cannabinoides, que son la sustancia activa de la marihuana, tienen principalmente efectos observables tanto en la MCP como en la memoria de trabajo (23)(24)(25)(26) . Sin embargo, la evidencia es aún controversial ya que los estudios que evalúan los efectos de los cannabinoides en la memoria son de alta complejidad y un consenso aún no ha podido ser alcanzado.…”

Section: Marihuana Y Memoriaunclassified

“…Existen otros dos receptores para cannabinoides: CB2 y CB3. El primero, CB2, está distribuido principalmente en el sistema nervioso periférico y órganos linfoides, y solo se encuentra en pocas cantidades a nivel glial, por lo que no es relevante para fines de estudios cognitivos (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37) . CB3 sí aparece en sistema nervioso central, y sus ligandos inhiben tanto la liberación de glutamato como la potenciación a largo plazo.…”

Section: Marihuana Y Memoriaunclassified

Efectos de la marihuana en la cognición: una revisión desde la perspectiva neurobiológica

Torres

Fiestas

2014

Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica

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RESUMENLa marihuana es una sustancia psicoactiva ampliamente usada en la sociedad, especialmente entre los más jóvenes. El uso de esta sustancia ha sido asociado consistentemente con diversos problemas de salud, muchos de los cuales tienen en común una alteración en las manifestaciones cognitivas de la conducta, incluyendo la memoria, la atención, la emoción y la toma de decisiones. Se encontró evidencia que los cannabinoides, la sustancia activa de la marihuana, impactan negativamente en la memoria a corto plazo, memoria de trabajo y la toma de decisiones. Asimismo, los cannabinoides afectan la atención y la interacción entre los eventos cognitivos y la emoción. Esta información puede ser usada como argumento de plausibilidad biológica para interpretar una serie de hallazgos clínicos y epidemiológicos en los que el uso de marihuana se ha mostrado relacionado con problemas tales como accidentes de tránsito, psicosis, depresión, pobre trayectoria académica, entre otros.Palabras clave: Abuso de marihuana; Cognición; Conducta; Memoria; Neurobiología (fuente: DeCS BIREME). EFFECTS OF MARIJUANA ON COGNITION: A REVIEW FORM THE NEUROBIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE ABSTRACTMarijuana is one of the most commonly used psychoactive substances in society, mainly among youths. Its use has been consistently associated with several health problems, many of which have in common an impairment in the cognitive processes of behavior, including the memory, attention, emotion and decision making. There is evidence suggesting that cannabinoids, marijuana´s primary psychoactive substance, have a negative effect in short-term memory, working memory, and decision making. It has also been found that cannabinoids affect attention and the interaction between cognitive events and emotion. This information can be used as an argument of biological plausibility to assess clinical and epidemiological research findings that show that marijuana`s use is associated to problems such as traffic accidents, psychosis, depression and poor academic records, among others. INTRODUCCIÓNLa marihuana (sustancia sustraída de la planta Cannabis) es la sustancia psicoactiva ilegal de mayor uso en el mundo. La Organización de las Naciones Unidas (UNODC) ha estimado que en el 2009, entre 125 y 203 millones de personas en el mundo usaron esta sustancia, siendo la prevalencia anual de uso de la droga de 2,8-4,5% de la población mundial entre 15 y 64 años (1) . En el Perú, la prevalencia anual de uso de marihuana ha sido informada en alrededor de 0,7%, la cual es una prevalencia bastante baja comparada con la de otros países vecinos, como Colombia, Bolivia y Chile, donde la prevalencia anual de uso de marihuana es 2,3, 4,3 y 6,7%, respectivamente. Esta discrepancia entre países con similares características socioeconómicas de una misma región puede deberse a diferencias metodológicas, que en este caso pueden estar significando para el Perú un subregistro de consumo de la marihuana (especialmente, cuando la UNODC, publicó una prevalencia anual para el 2005 de 3,3%). Lo cierto...

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Effects of frequent cannabis use on hippocampal activity during an associative memory task

Cited by 159 publications

References 43 publications

Cannabis Use Disrupts Eyeblink Conditioning: Evidence for Cannabinoid Modulation of Cerebellar-Dependent Learning

Cannabis Use Disrupts Eyeblink Conditioning: Evidence for Cannabinoid Modulation of Cerebellar-Dependent Learning

Real-world memory and executive processes in cannabis users and non-users

Efectos de la marihuana en la cognición: una revisión desde la perspectiva neurobiológica

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