Effects of Fructo-Oligosaccharide on DSS-Induced Colitis Differ in Mice Fed Nonpurified and Purified Diets ,

Goto, Haruka; Takemura, Nobuyuki; Ogasawara, Toru; Sasajima, Naho; Watanabe, Jun; Ito, Hiroyuki; Morita, Tatsuya; Sonoyama, Kei

doi:10.3945/jn.110.125948

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…FOS supplementation by gavaging reduced DSS-induced weight loss and colonic macroscopic damage in mice fed a cereal-based fiber-rich diet (83,84). In contrast, FOS included in the purified diet (containing cellulose as the only fiber) failed to prevent mucosal damage (84,85). Clearly, TNBS and DSS models induce different courses of intestinal inflammation (79), and the effect of FOS could be model dependent.…”

Section: Fiber and Intestinal Microbiomementioning

confidence: 93%

“…FOS showed a different pattern of activity when tested using the DSS model. FOS supplementation by gavaging reduced DSS-induced weight loss and colonic macroscopic damage in mice fed a cereal-based fiber-rich diet (83,84). In contrast, FOS included in the purified diet (containing cellulose as the only fiber) failed to prevent mucosal damage (84,85).…”

Section: Fiber and Intestinal Microbiomementioning

confidence: 95%

“…The reported amount of butyrate and other short-chain fatty acids in biological samples showed large intra-and interlaboratory variations. The cecal content of butyrate varied between 0.1 and 30 mmol/L (assuming 1 g = 1 mL) in rodent studies (48,80,84,134,135,158). The amount of butyrate probably decreases gradually in the proximal and distal colon (135), but one study reported a concentration of 44 mmol/L in the rat colon (82).…”

Section: Effect Of Fiber In Modulating the Systemic Allergic Responsementioning

confidence: 96%

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The Interplay Between Fiber and the Intestinal Microbiome in the Inflammatory Response

Kuo

2013

Advances in Nutrition

154

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Fiber intake is critical for optimal health. This review covers the anti-inflammatory roles of fibers using results from human epidemiological observations, clinical trials, and animal studies. Fiber has body weight-related anti-inflammatory activity. With its lower energy density, a diet high in fiber has been linked to lower body weight, alleviating obesity-induced chronic inflammation evidenced by reduced amounts of inflammatory markers in human and animal studies. Body weight-unrelated anti-inflammatory activity of fiber has also been extensively studied in animal models in which the type and amount of fiber intake can be closely monitored. Fermentable fructose-, glucose-, and galactose-based fibers as well as mixed fibers have shown systemic and local intestinal anti-inflammatory activities when plasma inflammatory markers and tissue inflammation were examined. Similar anti-inflammatory activities have also been demonstrated in some human studies that controlled total fiber intake. The anti-inflammatory activities of synbiotics (probiotics plus fiber) were reviewed as well, but there was no convincing evidence indicating higher efficacy of synbiotics compared with that of fiber alone. Adverse effects have not been observed with the amount of fiber intake or supplementation used in studies, although patients with Crohn's disease may be more sensitive to inulin intake. Several possible mechanisms that may mediate the body weight-unrelated anti-inflammatory activity of fibers are discussed based on the in vitro and in vivo evidence. Fermentable fibers are known to affect the intestinal microbiome. The immunomodulatory role of the intestinal microbiome and/or microbial metabolites could contribute to the systemic and local anti-inflammatory activities of fibers.

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Section: Fiber and Intestinal Microbiomementioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Fiber and Intestinal Microbiomementioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Effect Of Fiber In Modulating the Systemic Allergic Responsementioning

confidence: 96%

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The Interplay Between Fiber and the Intestinal Microbiome in the Inflammatory Response

Kuo

2013

Advances in Nutrition

154

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“…The protective effect of FOS was associated with an increased abundance of intestinal bifidobacteria [11], [15]. However, FOS did not attenuate inflammation in dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis in rats fed a purified diet [16] and supplementation of a non-purified diet with FOS reduced DSS-induced colitis in mice, whereas FOS supplementation of a purified diet exacerbated colitis [17]. Taken together, these studies suggest that the background diet affects FOS-mediated colitis reduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Chemically Defined Diet Alters the Protective Properties of Fructo-Oligosaccharides and Isomalto-Oligosaccharides in HLA-B27 Transgenic Rats

et al. 2014

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Non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDO) were shown to reduce inflammation in experimental colitis, but it remains unclear whether microbiota changes mediate their colitis-modulating effects. This study assessed intestinal microbiota and intestinal inflammation after feeding chemically defined AIN-76A or rat chow diets, with or without supplementation with 8 g/kg body weight of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) or isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMO). The study used HLA-B27 transgenic rats, a validated model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in a factorial design with 6 treatment groups. Intestinal inflammation and intestinal microbiota were analysed after 12 weeks of treatment. FOS and IMO reduced colitis in animals fed rat chow, but exhibited no anti-inflammatory effect when added to AIN-76A diets. Both NDO induced specific but divergent microbiota changes. Bifidobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae were stimulated by FOS, whereas copy numbers of Clostridium cluster IV were decreased. In addition, higher concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) were observed in cecal contents of rats on rat chow compared to the chemically defined diet. AIN-76A increased the relative proportions of propionate, iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate irrespective of the oligosaccharide treatment. The SCFA composition, particularly the relative concentration of iso-butyrate, valerate and iso-valerate, was associated (P≤0.004 and r≥0.4) with increased colitis and IL-1 β concentration of the cecal mucosa. This study demonstrated that the protective effects of fibres on colitis development depend on the diet. Although diets modified specific cecal microbiota, our study indicates that these changes were not associated with colitis reduction. Intestinal inflammation was positively correlated to protein fermentation and negatively correlated with carbohydrate fermentation in the large intestine.

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“…For instance, our previous study found that in the mice fed purified diet, fructo-oligosaccharide supplementation exacerbated the symptoms of DSS-induced colitis, whereas in those fed nonpurified diet, fructo-oligosaccharide supplementation reduced the symptoms. 2) In addition, we have reported that Candida albicans, an opportunistic fungal pathogen, successfully colonized the gut of the mice fed purified diet but not those of the mice fed nonpurified diet. 3) Purified diet is widely used in nutritional studies, but purified diet is quite different from the human diet, which contains a wide variety of ingredients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Different Impacts of Purified and Nonpurified Diets on Microbiota and Toll-Like Receptors in the Mouse Stomach

Sahasakul¹,

Takemura²,

Sonoyama³

2012

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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We compared the colonization of lactobacilli in the stomachs of mice fed nonpurified and purified diets and examined to determine whether the expression of Toll-like receptor 2, which is involved in the recognition of lactobacilli, is influenced by diet. Female BALB/c mice were fed a nonpurified or a purified diet for 2 weeks. Conventional cultivation and cultivation-independent molecular biological analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the number of lactobacilli associated with the gastric tissue was significantly higher in the mice fed the nonpurified diet than in those fed the purified diet. Sequencing analysis indicated that L. gasseri and L. johnsonii were predominant Lactobacillus species associated with the gastric tissue of the mice fed the nonpurified diet. The mRNA levels of Toll-like receptor 2, but not of 9, in the gastric tissue were significantly higher in the mice fed the purified diet than in those fed the nonpurified diet. We propose that nonpurified and purified diets have different impacts on gastric microbiota, which can in turn influence the expression of Toll-like receptor 2 in the stomach.

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Effects of Fructo-Oligosaccharide on DSS-Induced Colitis Differ in Mice Fed Nonpurified and Purified Diets ,

Cited by 40 publications

References 51 publications

The Interplay Between Fiber and the Intestinal Microbiome in the Inflammatory Response

The Interplay Between Fiber and the Intestinal Microbiome in the Inflammatory Response

Chemically Defined Diet Alters the Protective Properties of Fructo-Oligosaccharides and Isomalto-Oligosaccharides in HLA-B27 Transgenic Rats

Different Impacts of Purified and Nonpurified Diets on Microbiota and Toll-Like Receptors in the Mouse Stomach

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