Effects of fungicide, seeding date and seedling age on clubroot severity, seedling emergence and yield of canola

HwangS., F.; CaoT.,; XiaoQ.,; AhmedH., U.; ManoliiV., P.; TurnbullG., D.; Gossen, B. D.; Peng, Gary

doi:10.4141/cjps2011-149

Cited by 33 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In contrast, resting spore populations decline under continuous fallow or repeated cropping of a resistant cultivar at a rate equivalent to a half-life of 4.4 years, which was slightly longer than that observed in Sweden (Wallenhammar, 1996). This difference may be associated with the shorter growing season and cooler conditions during the growing season in Alberta (Hwang et al, 2012b).…”

Section: Baiting Cropsmentioning

confidence: 74%

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A comparison of clubroot development and management on canola and Brassica vegetables

Gossen

McDonald

Hwang

et al. 2013

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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A comparison of clubroot development and management on canola and Brassica vegetables, Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 35:2, 175-191, Abstract: Clubroot of canola was identified for the first time on the Canadian prairies in 2003, and is spreading rapidly across the region.Although clubroot has been studied extensively on vegetable Brassica crops, it was not clear initially how much of the information would be directly transferable from the intensive production of vegetable crops to the extensive production practices used for canola. This review examines similarities and differences between clubroot development and management on vegetable crops and canola. One important difference was that clubroot generally has a larger economic impact on canola, which is harvested for seed, than on vegetables, especially those where early vegetative growth is the marketable component. Also, clubroot has spread within the production area more quickly than was expected based on vegetable production. This occurs in large part because the resting spores are readily moved within and between fields on the heavy machinery used for canola production, but movement of spores by wind and water is also being assessed. Interestingly, crop rotation to reduce yield losses may be a more viable approach for canola than in vegetable production. Resistance to clubroot is the most consistent and economically viable approach to clubroot management in canola, but several lines of evidence indicate that this resistance may not be durable. Fortunately, the large acreage of canola production in Canada ensures that new sources of resistance will be developed and deployed as existing sources are eroded. Pathogen development and cultural control are very similar on vegetables and canola; bait crops and soil amendments are generally not commercially viable in either system; and biocontrol has a limited potential at this time. Manipulation of seeding date, application of fungicide, and soil fumigation generally have more potential for use in vegetable production than for canola. Identification of approaches that reduce disease pressure in clubroot-infested fields and increase the durability and diversity of genes for clubroot resistance represent important lines of future research.Résumé: La hernie des crucifères a été détectée pour la première fois dans des cultures de canola sur les Prairies canadiennes en 2003. Cette maladie continue d'envahir la région à un rythme accéléré. Cette maladie a fait l'objet de nombreuses études chez les cultures maraîchères du genre Brassica et nous ne savions pas, initialement, quelles informations dérivées de la production intensive des cultures maraîchères seraient pertinentes pour la culture à grande échelle du canola. Cet article de synthèse examine les similitudes et les différences entre l'évolution et la gestion de la hernie chez les cultures maraîchères et le canola. Une différence importante est le plus grand impact économique de la hernie sur le canola, qui est cultivé pour sa graine, que sur les cultures mar...

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Section: Baiting Cropsmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Similarly, early seeding of canola can reduce clubroot severity and increase yield, although emergence may also be reduced (Hwang et al, 2012b). Cool soil temperatures (< 12 • C or 14 • C) prevent or slow the development of the pathogen.…”

Section: Seeding Datementioning

confidence: 96%

A comparison of clubroot development and management on canola and Brassica vegetables

Gossen

McDonald

Hwang

et al. 2013

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology

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“…As a result, a range of alternative management strategies has been assessed for their usefulness in canola production, including early seeding (Hwang et al ., ), biological control (Peng et al ., ) and bait crops (Ahmed et al ., ). Studies on the impact of bait crops on soil resting spore populations and subsequent clubroot severity showed that resting spore populations were often slightly reduced following two cycles of cruciferous crops (canola or Chinese cabbage) relative to non‐cruciferous host crops such as perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne ) or non‐host crops such as spring cereals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Crop rotation is one of the most important cultural techniques recommended to control soilborne diseases of many crops. In greenhouse trials it was found that cropping resistant canola has a slightly greater effect on the reduction of P. brassicae resting spore populations than incorporating a fallow period (Hwang et al ., , ). Another study revealed that spore populations decreased by an order of magnitude when there was a 2‐year interval between canola crops, indicating a potential for the management of spore populations through crop rotation (Peng et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of host and non‐host crops on Plasmodiophora brassicae resting spore concentrations and clubroot of canola

et al. 2015

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Plasmodiophora brassicae, causal agent of clubroot of crucifers, poses a serious threat to Canadian canola production. The effects of fallow (F) periods and bait crops (clubroot-susceptible canola (B) and perennial ryegrass (R)) on clubroot severity and P. brassicae resting spore populations were evaluated in five sequences: R-B, B-R, R-F, B-F and F-F. Both host and non-host bait crops reduced clubroot severity in a subsequent crop of a susceptible canola cultivar compared with fallow. Resting spore and P. brassicae DNA concentrations decreased in all treatments, but were lowest for the R-B and B-R bait crop sequences. In addition, two studies were conducted in mini-plots under field conditions to assess the effect of rotation of susceptible or resistant canola cultivars on clubroot severity and P. brassicae resting spore populations. One study included three crops of susceptible canola compared with a 2-year break of oat-pea, barley-pea, wheat-wheat or fallow-fallow. The other study assessed three crops of resistant canola, two crops of resistant canola with a 1-year break, one crop of resistant canola and a 2-year break, and a 3-year break with barley followed by a susceptible canola. The rotations that included non-host crops of barley, pea or oat reduced clubroot severity and resting spore concentrations, and increased yield, compared with continuous cropping of either resistant or susceptible canola. Growing of a susceptible canola cultivar contributed 23-250-fold greater gall mass compared with resistant cultivars.

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“…Infection of the Brassicaceae family with the obligate biotrophic pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin, a cercozoan protist belonging to the class phytomyxea, results in the development of root galls (clubroots) and consequent stunting of plants [3], [4]. Clubroot disease has been reported in more than 60 countries resulting in overall reduction in the yield of canola by about 10–15% [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Expression of miRNAs in Brassica napus Root following Infection with Plasmodiophora brassicae

et al. 2014

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Canola (oilseed rape, Brassica napus L.) is susceptible to infection by the biotrophic protist Plasmodiophora brassicae, the causal agent of clubroot. To understand the roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) during the post-transcriptional regulation of disease initiation and progression, we have characterized the changes in miRNA expression profiles in canola roots during clubroot disease development and have compared these to uninfected roots. Two different stages of clubroot development were targeted in this miRNA profiling study: an early time of 10-dpi for disease initiation and a later 20-dpi, by which time the pathogen had colonized the roots (as evident by visible gall formation and histological observations). P. brassicae responsive miRNAs were identified and validated by qRT-PCR of miRNAs and the subsequent validation of the target mRNAs through starBase degradome analysis, and through 5′ RLM-RACE. This study identifies putative miRNA-regulated genes with roles during clubroot disease initiation and development. Putative target genes identified in this study included: transcription factors (TFs), hormone-related genes, as well as genes associated with plant stress response regulation such as cytokinin, auxin/ethylene response elements. The results of our study may assist in elucidating the role of miRNAs in post-transcriptional regulation of target genes during disease development and may contribute to the development of strategies to engineer durable resistance to this important phytopathogen.

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Effects of fungicide, seeding date and seedling age on clubroot severity, seedling emergence and yield of canola

Cited by 33 publications

References 31 publications

A comparison of clubroot development and management on canola and Brassica vegetables

A comparison of clubroot development and management on canola and Brassica vegetables

Effect of host and non‐host crops on Plasmodiophora brassicae resting spore concentrations and clubroot of canola

Differential Expression of miRNAs in Brassica napus Root following Infection with Plasmodiophora brassicae

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