Effects of gamma interferon, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin-2 on infection and proliferation of Theileria parva-infected bovine lymphoblasts and production of interferon by parasitized cells

DeMartini, James C.; Baldwin, C L

doi:10.1128/iai.59.12.4540-4546.1991

Cited by 30 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Pre-treatment with IFN-y can increase the hosts susceptibility to endotoxin with increased serum level of TNF-a and IL-6 [3,23]. On the other hand, exogenous recombinant IFN-y contributes to the resistance in the acute infections caused by Toxoplasma gondi, Leishmania, Ehrlichia, Legionella, Salmonella, Listeria, and Klebsiella [7,[19][20][21][24][25][26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interferon-γ, interleukin-1 and tumour necrosis factor-α synthesis during experimental murine staphylococcal infection

Rozalska¹

1993

FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology

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Several exotoxins of Staphylococcus aureus were shown to modulate the host immune system by stimulation of monokine release. BALB/c mice infected intravenously (i.v.) with live cells if S. aureus, strain Cowan 1, had a detectable serum level of TNF-alpha at 3, 4 and 5 h after injection. When S. epidermidis (strain E3380, clinical isolate) was used to infect mice, the level of TNF-alpha was lower (the detection limit of the cytotoxicity assay with WEHI cells was 40 pg ml-1). Kinetics of TNF synthesis was different from that observed in experimental infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. Similarly to TNF-alpha, IL-1 alpha appears in a measurable level at 3 h after i.v. injection of bacteria. The highest serum level of IFN-gamma was observed 12 h after infection with both S. aureus and S. epidermidis. A quantity ten times more of S. epidermidis than of S. aureus cells was required to induce similar levels of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma. Recombinant IFN-gamma administered in vivo in four daily doses followed by infection of S. aureus resulted in increased elimination of bacteria from the spleen, liver and peritoneal cavity of mice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interferon-γ, interleukin-1 and tumour necrosis factor-α synthesis during experimental murine staphylococcal infection

Rozalska¹

1993

FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology

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“…A striking feature of the lymphoid hyperplasia observed in primary T. parva infection is that 20-30% of cells leaving the lymph node draining the site of inoculation may be lymphoblasts, of which only 1% may be infected (Emery 1981). T. parva-infected cells have been shown to secrete interferon gamma (IFNg) (DeMartini & Baldwin 1991), express low levels of IL2 (Heussler et al 1992), and constitutively express the a chain of the IL2 receptor (Dobbelaere et al 1990). In addition, there is evidence that their growth is enhanced by both IL2 and IFNg (DeMartini & Baldwin 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…T. parva-infected cells have been shown to secrete interferon gamma (IFNg) (DeMartini & Baldwin 1991), express low levels of IL2 (Heussler et al 1992), and constitutively express the a chain of the IL2 receptor (Dobbelaere et al 1990). In addition, there is evidence that their growth is enhanced by both IL2 and IFNg (DeMartini & Baldwin 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro infection with Theileria parva is associated with IL10 expression in all bovine lymphocyte lineages

McKeever

Nyanjui

Ballingall

1997

Parasite Immunology

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The protozoan parasite Theileria parva infects and transforms bovine lymphocytes, giving rise to a fatal lymphoproliferative condition known as East Coast fever. Although immune cattle mount strong cytolytic T lymphocyte responses to the parasite, naive animals appear unable to respond and develop severe immunopathological lesions. We have investigated the patterns of cytokine mRNA expressed by 19 bulk and cloned parasite-infected lymphoblast cell lines using a multiplex PCR system. Considerable variation was observed in the cytokine profiles of these lines and only IL10 was universally expressed. Investigation of cloned lines representing the major bovine lymphocyte populations failed to reveal a lineage-specific pattern of cytokine mRNA expression that could be associated with infection. Nonetheless, analysis of a CD4+ T cell clone before and after transformation with the parasite indicated that infection does alter the pattern of cytokine expression, with apparent upregulation of IL10. These observations raise the possibility that IL10 derived from infected cells may influence the immune responses of naive cattle to challenge.

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“…In contrast, the addition of IL-2 to T. parvainfected cells has a differential effect on parasite-host cell development depending on the time of application. For example, two recent studies have shown that IL-2 treatment of newly infected lymphocytes either had no effect on the establishment of infected cell cultures (5) or significantly suppressed the transformation and development of parasiteinfected cells (27). However, in both these reports, the addition of IL-2 to established macroschizont-infected cell lines resulted in enhanced proliferation of the cultures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tick salivary gland extract and interleukin-2 stimulation enhance susceptibility of lymphocytes to infection by Theileria parva sporozoites

Shaw¹,

Tilney²,

McKeever³

1993

Infect Immun

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Intracellular parasites show host cell specificity, and precise information on the range of host cells is a prerequisite for the identification of host molecules that account for the specificity and are involved in entry processes. The sporozoite stage of the tick-borne protozoan parasite Theileria parva binds to and enters bovine lymphocytes, but precise information on the susceptibility of other cell types present at the tick attachment site is unavailable. We quantitatively examined the susceptibility of cell types known to be present at the tick attachment site by a previously established in vitro assay. Apart from lymphocytes, sporozoites also bind to and enter macrophages and afferent lymph veiled cells; they do not bind to or enter fibroblasts, granulocytes, or erythrocytes. Sporozoites are not phagocytosed by the macrophages or veiled cells but enter them as they do lymphocytes. Since the tick attachment site is a region of cellular inflammation, we also examined the effects of agents known to be present in this area on lymphocyte susceptibility. Short-term preincubation of lymphocytes with tick salivary gland extract, with compounds that induce lymphocyte proliferation, or with interleukin-2 (IL-2), a cytokine produced by activated lymphocytes, increased host cell susceptibility by between 30 and 60%o. The IL-2-induced increase in host cell susceptibility could be prevented by treating the lymphocytes with the monoclonal antibody IL-A 111, which reacts with the bovine IL-2 receptor alpha chain and inhibits IL-2-driven cell proliferation. The changes induced by tick salivary gland extract and IL-2 occurred in less than 90 min. Similarly, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from an animal previously immunized with a nonrelated antigen (trypanosome variant surface glycoprotein) and stimulated in vitro with the same antigen showed increases in host cell susceptibility of between 70 and 125%. In contrast, treatment of lymphocytes with gamma interferon did not induce any increase in host cell susceptibility.For any intracellular parasite, the initial event in the entry process must involve some form of ligand-receptor interaction between components on the surfaces of both the invading organism and the host cell. The range of susceptible host cells will therefore be determined by the molecular nature of these initial interactions. Thus, if an invading organism exhibits a broad host cell specificity, it must use a range of common or closely related host surface molecules. Conversely, organisms which have a more selective host cell specificity will use a more restricted set of host surface molecules to facilitate attachment and entry into the host cells. Precise information on the range and nature of susceptible host cells is therefore a prerequisite for identification of the host cell surface molecules involved in the process of parasite entry.Ticks are important vectors of diseases of both human and veterinary significance, including Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, an...

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Effects of gamma interferon, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin-2 on infection and proliferation of Theileria parva-infected bovine lymphoblasts and production of interferon by parasitized cells

Cited by 30 publications

References 27 publications

Interferon-γ, interleukin-1 and tumour necrosis factor-α synthesis during experimental murine staphylococcal infection

Interferon-γ, interleukin-1 and tumour necrosis factor-α synthesis during experimental murine staphylococcal infection

In vitro infection with Theileria parva is associated with IL10 expression in all bovine lymphocyte lineages

Tick salivary gland extract and interleukin-2 stimulation enhance susceptibility of lymphocytes to infection by Theileria parva sporozoites

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