Effects of .GAMMA.-oryzanol and cycloartenol ferulic acid ester on cholesterol diet induced hyperlipidemia in rats.

Abstract

Abstract-Hypolipidemic effects of r-oryzanol (OZ) and cycloartenol ferulic acid ester (CAF) on the hyperlipidemia induced by ingestion of a high cholesterol diet (HCD) in male Sprague-Dawley rats were investigated. The test drugs were given orally and intravenously, daily for 12 days with the HCD feeding. The oral administration with OZ and CAF at 100 mg/kg daily for 6 or 12 days did not ap parently prevent the hyperlipidemia induced by HCD-feeding. The intravenous administrations with OZ and CAF at 10 mg/kg for 6 days significantly inhibited the increases in serum total cholesterol (TC), phospholipid (PL) and free cholesterol by HCD. OZ and CAF did not inhibit the decreases of TC in high density lipoprotein (HDL-TC) and HDL-PL by HCD. The increases of atherogenic index ([TC-HDL TC]/[HDL-TC] and [PL-HDL-PL]/[HDL-PL]) with the HCD feeding were reducedby the intravenous administrations of OZ and CAF. Triglyceride , nonesterified fatty acid, lactate dehydrogenase and transaminase (GOT and GPT) markedly decreased below the control level by the intravenous administrations of OZ and CAF for 12 days. These results suggest that the intravenous administrations of OZ and CAF may have accelerated the excretion of lipids in the blood.The hypolipidemic effect of the usual type of r-oryzanol has been reported by some workers (1-5). The usual type of r-oryzanol is a ferulic acid ester of cycloartenol, 24 methylene cycloartenol, cyclobranol and other sterols. We have previously reported the hypolipidemic effect of the usual type of r-oryzanol as compared to the effect of r oryzanol (OZ) with a sterol composition different from that of the usual type in high cholesterol diet (HCD)-fed rats (6). The inhibition of total cholesterol (TC) increase by the administration of OZ was weaker than that of the usual r-oryzanol, but the inhibition of free cholesterol (FC) and triglyceride (TG) increases and increase of TC in high density lipoprotein (HDL-TC) by OZ were more potent than those of the usual r oryzanol, and it may be due to the concen tration of cycloartenol as an inclusive ratio of sterols (6). The present study was designed to test this hypothesis, and the effects of cycloartenol ferulic acid ester (CAF) were compared with OZ.On the other hand, the intestinal absorp tion of vegetable sterols such as soysterol are markedly lower; therefore, it has been considered that the hypolipidemic mechanism of these sterols was the inhibition of lipid absorption in the intestine (7). Moreover , Gerson et al. (8) have reported that the intraperitoneal administration of Q-sitosterol (type of vegetable sterols) increased the lipid excretion from the blood. OZ and CAF , which are types of vegetable sterols, may have the similar effects to Q-sitosterol on the lipid metabolism. Therefore, the hypolipidemic effects of the intravenous administration of OZ or CAF on the HCD induced hyper lipidemia in rats were investigated.

Ferulic Acid Esters and Weight-Loss Promoting Effects in Rats

“…5 . The hypolipidemic effects described by Sakamoto et al 6 and Wilson et al 8 were generated by far higher levels of γ-oryzanol than those administered in the present study. Because to synthesize the same amounts of FMO, FDO and FO as those used in their animal feeding experiments is laborious, we supplemented the animal diet with 90 ppm of each in the present study.…”

“…contain γ-oryzanol, which is a mixture of ferulic acid-triterpenyl alcohol esters 1 with hypolipidemic effects, whereas ferulic acid and its oligosaccharides have physiological activities against diabetes mellitus 2,3 , hyperglycemia 4 and high blood pressure 5 . Sakamoto et al 6 investigated the effects of γ-oryzanol and cycloartenol ferulic acid ester on hyperlipidemia induced in rats by consuming a high cholesterol diet. The intravenous administration of γ-oryzanol and cycloartenol ferulic acid ester at 10 mg/kg body weight for six days signifi cantly inhibited increases in serum total cholesterol, phospholipids and free cholesterol.…”

By-products of Rice Processing: An Overview of Health Benefits and Applications

“…Sakamoto et al [137] reported that gamma-oryzanol and cycloartenol ferulate have an anti-hyperlipidaemic action and identified that intravenous administration creates more remarkable effects than oral administration due to a direct inhibition of the lipid metabolism. Furthermore, ferulic acid that has been absorbed and metabolised demonstrated an intrinsic hypolipidaemic effect in several studies [138,139].…”

QbD-based systematic development of novel optimized solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) of lovastatin with enhanced biopharmaceutical performance

“…2 mL of coconut oil per day), along with free access to standard rat feed for inducing the experimental hyperlipidemia-like condition (Sakamoto et al, 1987). The animals were divided into four groups (i.e.…”