Effects of gamma radiation and Bacillus thuringiensis on F₁ progeny of Cydia pomonella

Abstract

Summary The codling moth [Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)] is the main pest in most apple orchards in Syria. It causes billions of dollars in loss of fruit crops every year. The present work examined the effects of gamma radiation and Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) on F1 progeny of C. pomonella. The experimental design was based on two factors, namely F1 offspring produced by males irradiated at a dose of 150 Gy, and artificial diet of BT-treated larvae. The first offspring of unirradiated and irradiated C. pomonella males, F1, were from parents treated with a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis BT (Dipel® 2X). F1 progeny of unirradiated was significantly less susceptible to BT than that of irradiated parents. The results showed high mortality in F1 progeny of C. pomonella when gamma radiation and BT were applied together. The LC50 in F1 progeny was 2.5 ppm for irradiated parents, while it was 13 ppm for unirradiated ones. A significant reduction in the fecundity and egg hatchability of F1 progeny of irradiated parents compared to unirradiated ones was observed. This study demonstrated that for F1 progeny the combination between Inherited Sterility Technique and BT can be useful to achieve an integrated pest management program of codling moth.

Effect of nano-silica extracted from two different plant sources on survival and development of Phthorimaea opercullela (Zeller) larvae

“…As a result, larvae at high nanoparticle concentrations require longer time to reach the fi nal instar and to pupate. This is in agreement with previous studies showing that larvae treated with toxic agents have longer development time (Adam et al, 2016;Idris and Hussian, 2021). Additionally, pupation time diff ered between treatments (DF=7, F-value=9.23, p<0.0001).…”

Efficacy of Olive Stones and Corncobs Crystalline Silica Nanoparticles (SiO2, NPs) Treatments on Potato Tuber Moths (Phthorimaea Operculella)

“…Spodoptera littoralis larval and pupal development times are prolonged when larvae ingest nanoparticles silica [11]. This nding is in line with previous studies that indicate that larvae treated with toxicity agents have longer development times [1,21,19]. Signi cant differences have been also found in fecundity between treatments and control, the most fecundity decreasing was in olive stone amorphous phase SiO 2 NPs treatment at 1500ppm concertation (df = 13, f -value = 121.401, P < 0.0001) (Table 3).…”

“…However, pesticides are still a major health and environment pollution hazards concerns as they eventually end up in consumers' bodies and destroy the nature elements. Moreover, insects are becoming resistant to insecticides over time and help to produce superbugs [19]. Hence, nding control methods for P. operculella becomes increasingly important to continue in growth and development of the potato industry [36,17].…”

The Effect of X-ray Irradiation on the Fitness and Field Adaptability of the Codling Moth: An Orchard Study in Northeast China

“…SIT has been successfully applied as a part of the AW-IPM program for the eradication of some pest species, such as Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) in America [21] and C. pomonella [22,23] in Canada. Many investigations have focused on producing sterile insects and on the competitiveness of irradiated insects, for example, Ephestia elutella [24], Aedes aegypti and A. albopictus [25], and C. pomonella [26]. However, radioactive materials are hazardous, and their usage is becoming increasingly limited.…”