Effects of gammalinolenic acid on plasma lipoproteins and apolipoproteins

Ishikawa, Takahiro; Fujiyama, Yoko; Igarashi, Osamu; Morino, Mayumi; Tada, Norio; Kagami, Akihiko; Sakamoto, Takuya; Nagano, Makoto; Nakamura, Haruo

doi:10.1016/0021-9150(89)90165-2

Cited by 55 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Increase of the level of DGLA in plasma and tissues in rats by dietary GLA has been reported by Nassar et al (29). In human subjects we observed small increase of DGLA level in plasma, but not in red blood cells after administration of evening primrose oil (3 g/day) containing 9% GLA for 2 months (12). In these same subjects no increase of AA in plasma was observed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Metabolism of .GAMMA.-linolenic acid in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes and in Hep G2 cells.

Fujiyama-Fujiwara

Ohmori

Igarashi

1989

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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SummaryIncorporation and metabolism of y-linolenic acid (GLA) in both rat hepatocytes and Hep G2 cells were compared to those of oleic (OA), linoleic (LA), a-linolenic (LLA), and dihomo-y-linolenic (DGLA) acids. The incorporation of GLA into both types of cells was higher than LLA and DGLA, but lower than OA and LA. It was efficiently converted into DGLA in both types of cells and increased the concentration of DGLA. LLA was converted to a small amount of C20:4 (n-3) only in Hep G2 cells. Incubation with LA, GLA, LLA, and DGLA did not increase the concentration of arachidonic acid (AA) in both types of cells. LA. GLA, LLA, and their metabolites were incorporated into phosphatidylcholine, but only GLA and its metabolite, DGLA, were also incorporated into phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylinositol. The coexistence of GLA and LLA during their catabolism diminished the amounts of respective metabolite in Hep G2 cells. The presence of GLA inhibited completely the formation of C20:4(n-3) from LLA. The results indicate that GLA is more effective in raising the ratio of DGLA/AA. Also, polyunsaturated fatty acids of n-3 and n-6 series have competitively catabolized in both types of hepatocytes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Metabolism of .GAMMA.-linolenic acid in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes and in Hep G2 cells.

Fujiyama-Fujiwara

Ohmori

Igarashi

1989

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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“…Viikari and Lethonen [23] also did not observe any variation in blood lipids in hyperlipidemic patients receiving 3 successive doses of GLA, 200, 400, and 600 mg per day, administered for one month each. Ishikawa et al [24] observed significant changes in plasma lipids after administration of 300 mg per day of GLA to hypercholesterolemic patients over an 8-week period. IC, LDL-C, and apoprotein P were decreased in patients without hypertriglyceridemia, and HDL-C and apoprotein A1(Hf-7%, not significant) were increased in patients with hypertriglyceridemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary intake of gamma-linolenic acid on blood lipids and phospholipid fatty acids in healthy human subjects.

Richard

Martin

Maillé

et al. 1990

J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr.

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SummaryThe effects of a dietary intake of gamma-linolenic acid 18: 3 n-6 (GLA) on blood lipids and phospholipid fatty acids were studied in 25 healthy men. The study was conducted over 4 one-month periods during which the subjects maintained their usual diet of about 2,780 kcal per day consisting of 54.4% carbohydrates, 13.5% proteins, and 32.1% lipids, the last of which included 13% in the form of vegetable oils (40g) and 328 mg of cholesterol. The vegetable oil, the only parameter which was varied during the study, was soybean oil during the 1st and 4th periods, not providing GLA, and rapeseed oil and evening primrose oil in the proportion of 2 : 1 during the 2nd period, providing 1.1 g of GLA per day, and I : I during the 3rd period, providing 1.6 g of GLA per day. The intake of other fatty acids was maintained as constant as possible throughout the study. The administration of GLA was accompanied by a dose-dependent reduction in LDL cholesterol (-10% with 1.1 g of GLA and -25% with 1.6 g of GLA) and a significant increase in HDL cholesterol (+7 and +9%, respectively). Triglycerides, phospholipids, and apoprotein B did not vary significantly, while apoprotein AI was markedly increased (+20 and +20%, respectively). In terms of the serum phospholipid fatty acids, the GLA ingestion was also accompanied by dose-dependent decrease in linoleic acid and increases in all its derivatives. Heterogeneous variations were observed in the n-3 derivatives: the 20: 5 n-3 was decreased but the 22: 5 n-3 and the 22: 6 n-3 remained stable. A decrease was observed for the 18 : 0 and the 24: 0, while the 18 : 1 n-9 was increased. These results indicate that dietary gamma-linolenic acid is more efficient in reducing serum LDL cholesterol than dietary linoleic acid.

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“…The microalga Spirulina presented poly-unsaturated fatty acids as demonstrated by many authors (Colla et al, 2004;Olguin et al, 2001;Alonso and Maroto, 2000;Quoc et al, 1994;Cohen et al, 1993;Cohen et al, 1987). These compounds have been studied in respect to its therapeutic properties such as its ability to decrease blood cholesterol levels (Ishikawa et al, 1989;Kurushima et al, 1995). Thus, it could be concluded that supplementing 0.5g.…”

Section: Serum Lipids Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spirulina platensis effects on the levels of total cholesterol, HDL and triacylglycerols in rabbits fed with a hypercholesterolemic diet

Colla

Muccillo-Baisch²,

Costa

2008

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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Effects of gammalinolenic acid on plasma lipoproteins and apolipoproteins

Cited by 55 publications

References 22 publications

Metabolism of .GAMMA.-linolenic acid in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes and in Hep G2 cells.

Metabolism of .GAMMA.-linolenic acid in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes and in Hep G2 cells.

Effects of dietary intake of gamma-linolenic acid on blood lipids and phospholipid fatty acids in healthy human subjects.

Spirulina platensis effects on the levels of total cholesterol, HDL and triacylglycerols in rabbits fed with a hypercholesterolemic diet

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