“…Figure 10 shows the various valve angles researchers used during analysis. Many researchers during their experimental studies (Marshall, 1977;Dyskin, 1989;Aydin & Baki, 2006;Dincer, Baskaya, Uysal, & Ucgul, 2009;Markal, Aydin, & Avci, 2010;Dincer, Yilmaz, Berber, & Baskaya, 2011;Devade & Pise, 2012;Im & Yu, 2012;Avci, 2013;Devade & Pise, 2014) have used different valves Bovand, Rashidi, & Esfahani, 2016) and shapes. Dyskin (Dyskin, 1989) used detwister on hot end and observed that the heating effect increase by 3 to5 0 .…”