Effects of ginsenoside Rb1 on second-degree burn wound healing and FGF-2/PDGF-BB/PDGFR-β pathway modulation

Abstract

Background Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen (P. notoginseng) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been used therapeutically for cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory diseases and traumatic injuries as well as for external and internal bleeding due to injury. Ginsenoside Rb1, a crucial monomeric active constituent extracted from P. notoginseng, has attracted widespread attention because of its potential anti-inflammatory, bacteriostatic, and cell growth-promoting effects. In this study, the therapeutic effects of ginsenoside Rb1 on second-degree burn in rats and the potential underlying mechanisms were explored. Methods A rat model of second-degree burn injury was established, and skin wound healing was monitored at different time points after ginsenoside Rb1 treatment. HE staining was performed to identify burn severity, and biological tissues were biopsied on days 0, 7, 14, and 24 after treatment. Skin wound healing at different time points was monitored by macroscopic observation. Furthermore, IHC, WB, and RT-PCR were utilized to determine the protein and mRNA expression levels of PDGF-BB, PDGFR-β, and FGF-2 in wound tissues after treatment. Results HE staining showed that after 24 days of ginsenoside Rb1 treatment, skin tissue morphology was significant improved. Macroscopic observation demonstrated that in ginsenoside Rb1-treated rats, the scab removal time and fur growth time were decreased, and the wound healing rate was increased. Collectively, the results of IHC, WB and RT-PCR showed that PDGF-BB, PDGFR-β, and FGF-2 expressions peaked earlier in ginsenoside Rb1-treated rats than in model rats, consistent with the macroscopic observations. Conclusion Collectively, these findings indicated that ginsenoside Rb1 promotes burn wound healing via a mechanism possibly associated with upregulation of FGF-2/PDGF-BB/PDGFR-β gene and protein expressions.

The potential application of natural products in cutaneous wound healing: A review of preclinical evidence

“…Ginsenoside Rb1 can accelerate wound epithelialization and intervene to accelerate PDGF-BB and PDGF receptor-β and the peak expression of FGF-2 protein and mRNA, promote wound healing and reduce wound healing time. It can be inferred that ginsenoside Rb1 can regulate PDGF-BB/ PDGF receptor-beta signal pathway to regulate the expression of FGF-2to have a therapeutic effect on wound healing (Zhang et al, 2021). In a vivo and vitro model, ginsenoside Rb1 was able to promote neovascularization around the wound and increased VEGF, IL-1β in the regenerated skin area and expression by macrophages.…”

“…In general, Ginsenosides Rb1 (Zhang et al, 2021), Lupeol (Pereira Beserra et al, 2020), garlic acid (Singh et al, 2019), Ferulic acid (Dwivedi et al, 2022), Hesperdin (Jagetia and Rao, 2022), Aloin (Liu et al, 2015), Simmondsia cheinensis (Ranzato et al, 2011), Snail mucins (Gugliandolo et al, 2021), Angelica Sinensis ethanol extract (Bai et al, 2012b), Apigenin (Choi et al, 2016)have important potential to promote wound healing, and the molecular mechanism should be further studied. This conclusion is supported by desirable results, both in animal and cell experiments.…”

Ginsenoside Rb1 Modulates the Migration of Bone-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells through the SDF-1/CXCR4 Axis and PI3K/Akt Pathway

“…Several different ginsenosides have been proved to promote the wound-healing process, such as ginsenosides Rg1, Rd, and Rb1 [ 21 – 23 ]. However, ginsenoside Rb1 may be the most potential candidate to increase the wound-healing process in diabetes-induced wounds.…”

Green synthesis of copper nanoparticles using Artemisia annua aqueous extract and its characterization, antioxidant and burn wound healing activities

“…Japan). After digitalization, the wound area was analyzed by Image J software and the wound contraction rate was expressed using the following formula: Wound contraction rate = (original wound area -speci c day wound area)/Original wound area × 100% [21]. Five animals from each group were anesthetized by intraperitoneal administration of 150 mg/kg of Sodium Thiopental (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) and sacri ced on 3,7, 14 and 21 days.…”