Effects of glutamine on performance and intestinal mucosa morphometry of broiler chickens vaccinated against coccidiosis

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the effects of glutamine as feed additive on performance and intestinal mucosa morphometry of broiler chickens vaccinated against coccidiosis. A total of 400 day-old male chicks were randomly assigned to four treatments (NVNG -no vaccination, no glutamine supplementation; NVG -no vaccination, glutamine supplementation (10 g kg −1 ); VNG -vaccination, no glutamine supplementation; VG -vaccination, glutamine supplementation) replicated four times with 25 birds per replicate. A commercial sprayed-on vaccine against coccidiosis containing Eimeria acervulina, E. maxima, E. mivati, and E. tenella was administered at the hatchery. Broiler performance was evaluated from 1-28 days, and morphometric parameters were analyzed at 14, 21, and 28 days of age. Body weight gain and feed intake were negatively affected by vaccination, but not by glutamine. Vaccination increased crypt depth in the duodenum and jejunum at 21 and 28 days. In conclusion, this study showed that glutamine was not able to increase weight gain of broiler chickens, irrespective of whether the animals were vaccinated or not against coccidiosis. Glutamine supplementation was able to improve feed conversion in vaccinated birds suggesting trophic effect on intestinal epithelium improving.

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“…Glutamine dietary supplementation decreases health problems, prevents intestinal atrophy, maintains antioxidant status, decreases incidence of diarrhea, resulting in increased weight gain and improved efficiency (Haynes et al, 2009;Zhong et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2014;Watford, 2015). Similar results have also been reported in broiler chicken (Nassiri Moghaddam and Alizadeh-Ghamsari, 2013;Jazideh et al, 2014;Nascimento et al, 2014;Manvailer et al, 2015;Muro et al, 2015;Olubodun et al, 2015;Ribeiro Jr et al, 2015;Luquetti et al, 2016;Maiorka et al, 2016;Namroud et al, 2017).…”

Suplementación alimenticia de glutamina sobre el desempeño productivo en pollos de engorde

“…Se ejecutaron dos meta-análisis a partir de un total de 22 artículos científicos (1814 animales). (Avellaneda et al, 2008;Ayazi, 2014;Bartell & Batal, 2007;Dai et al, 2009;Dai et al, 2011;Fasina et al, 2010;Hu et al, 2016;Jazideh et al, 2014;Luquetti et al, 2016;Maiorka et al, 2016;Manvailer et al, 2015;Murakami et al, 2007;Muro et al, 2015;Mussini et al, 2012;Namroud et al, 2017;Nascimento et al, 2014;Nassiri Moghaddam & Alizadeh-Ghamsari, 2013;Olubodun et al, 2015;Ribeiro et al, 2015;Sakamoto et al, 2011;Soltan, 2009;Zavarize et al, 2011). Para explicar la heterogeneidad entre los estudios se realizaron meta-regresiones utilizando como covariables: nivel de inclusión de Gln (%), edad de inicio de suplementación (días), edad de evaluación (días), duración de la suplementación (días), número de repeticiones por tratamiento, número de pollos muestreados por unidad experimental (repetición), nivel de lisina (%) y proteína cruda en la dieta (%).…”

“…La glutamina es el aminoácido más abundante en el plasma bajo condiciones de salud, sin embargo, las concentraciones caen precipitadamente después de lesiones, cirugía, infecciones u otros estados de estrés (Askanazi et al, 1980;Zhong et al, 2012). Una gran cantidad de investigaciones en modelos animales bajo estados de infección y daño severo han demostrado que la suple-mentación de Gln mejora la sobrevivencia, el estado inmune, disminuye bacteremias, incrementa la función de la barrera intestinal e inhibe la atrofia de la mucosa intestinal (Luquetti et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2014;Wu et al, 2011). En pollos de engorde se ha reportado que la suplementación dietaria de Gln mejora el rendimiento productivo y las características de carcasa bajo situaciones de estrés calórico (Dai et al, 2009;Olubodun et al, 2015;Sifa et al, 2018).…”

Modulation of Physiologic Parameters in Molted Isa Brown Laying-Hens by Glutamine + Glutamic Acid Supplementation

“…Laying hens supplemented with 0.8% glutamine improved productive parameters, the structure of duodenum and oviduct, and increased blood levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), triiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothironine (T4) hormones (Xiao Ying et al, 2010). In addition, Glutamine supplemented chickens improved feed efficiency and morphology of the small intestine after parasite challenge (Yi et al, 2005;Sakamoto et al, 2014;Luquetti et al, 2015). Glutamine improved body-weight gain, feed conversion and immune response in chickens (Bartell & Batal 2006;Soltan, 2009).…”