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The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of salmon gonadotropin releasing hormone analog (S-GnRH-A) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) on the serum levels of gonadotropins (GtHs) and sex steroid hormones in Manchurian trout during sexual maturity. Females in the treatment group were injected with 20 µg/kg S-GnRH-A and 400 IU/kg HCG, whilst males were injected with half the amount. Blood samples were collected at 0, 5, 10, and 20 days post injection (dpi). The results showed an increase in female follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in the treatment group at 5 dpi, and from 5 dpi onwards, a difference was observed between the groups, with higher FSH levels in the treatment group compared to the control group. In males, FSH levels showed group differences at only 5 dpi (p < 0.05) and were higher in the treatment group. In females, luteinizing hormone (LH) peaked at 10 dpi in the treatment group, and there were differences between the two groups at 10 dpi and 20 dpi. In males, LH was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group at 5 dpi and 10 dpi (p < 0.05). In females, estradiol (E2) was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group at 5 dpi and 10 dpi (p < 0.05), whereas in males, the difference between the two groups was only observed at 5 dpi (p < 0.05). The female testosterone (T) level in the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 5 dpi and 10 dpi (p < 0.05), while T levels were significantly higher in the male treatment group than in the control group at 5 dpi (p < 0.05). The level of 17α–hydroxyprogesterone (17α-OHP) in the females of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 5 dpi and 10 dpi (p < 0.05), and 17α-OHP levels were significantly higher in the male treatment group than in the control group at 10 and 20 dpi (p < 0.05). The fish were successfully spawned after S-GnRH-A and HCG injections, and brood amount, fertilization rate, and hatching rate were significantly increased (p < 0.05). This study provides a framework for a better understanding of the mechanisms of exogenous hormone-mediated control of reproduction in Manchurian trout.
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of salmon gonadotropin releasing hormone analog (S-GnRH-A) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) on the serum levels of gonadotropins (GtHs) and sex steroid hormones in Manchurian trout during sexual maturity. Females in the treatment group were injected with 20 µg/kg S-GnRH-A and 400 IU/kg HCG, whilst males were injected with half the amount. Blood samples were collected at 0, 5, 10, and 20 days post injection (dpi). The results showed an increase in female follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in the treatment group at 5 dpi, and from 5 dpi onwards, a difference was observed between the groups, with higher FSH levels in the treatment group compared to the control group. In males, FSH levels showed group differences at only 5 dpi (p < 0.05) and were higher in the treatment group. In females, luteinizing hormone (LH) peaked at 10 dpi in the treatment group, and there were differences between the two groups at 10 dpi and 20 dpi. In males, LH was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group at 5 dpi and 10 dpi (p < 0.05). In females, estradiol (E2) was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group at 5 dpi and 10 dpi (p < 0.05), whereas in males, the difference between the two groups was only observed at 5 dpi (p < 0.05). The female testosterone (T) level in the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 5 dpi and 10 dpi (p < 0.05), while T levels were significantly higher in the male treatment group than in the control group at 5 dpi (p < 0.05). The level of 17α–hydroxyprogesterone (17α-OHP) in the females of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 5 dpi and 10 dpi (p < 0.05), and 17α-OHP levels were significantly higher in the male treatment group than in the control group at 10 and 20 dpi (p < 0.05). The fish were successfully spawned after S-GnRH-A and HCG injections, and brood amount, fertilization rate, and hatching rate were significantly increased (p < 0.05). This study provides a framework for a better understanding of the mechanisms of exogenous hormone-mediated control of reproduction in Manchurian trout.
Os defensivos agrícolas são produtos utilizados no ambiente rural visando o controle de pragas, porém o uso inadequado pode ocasionar a contaminação dos ambientes aquáticos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos do glifosato, malationa e casugamicina sobre as taxas de fertilização, eclosão e sobrevivência das larvas de tambaqui. Dois casais de tambaqui (fêmeas 7,73 ± 1,54 kg e machos 6,18 ± 0,65 kg) foram submetidos a reprodução artificial utilizando GnRH sintético Sincrofort®. Foram realizados três experimentos: (i) foram testadas concentrações de 0,0; 2,0; 4,0; 6,0; 8,0; 10,0 e 14,0 mg L-1 de glifosato, (ii) concentrações de 0,0; 0,25; 0,5; 0,75; 1,0; 1,25 e 1,5 µg L-1 de malationa, e (iii) concentrações de 0,0; 0,25; 0,5; 0,75; 1,0; 1,25 e 1,5 mg L-1 de casugamicina. Os ovos foram incubados em recipientes plásticos e os tratamentos foram as diferentes concentrações avaliadas, todas com cinco repetições. Um recipiente contendo 20 ovos foi considerado como unidade experimental. O experimento foi realizado sob ambiente controlado, em temperatura ambiente e baixa luminosidade. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância. O tratamento com água de incubação sem glifosato apresentou as melhores taxas de fertilização, eclosão e sobrevivência (p<0,05). A água de incubação sem malationa apresentou a melhor taxa de fertilização (p<0,05), não houve efeito nas taxas de eclosão e sobrevivência (p>0,05). O tratamento contendo 0,25 mg L-1 de casugamicina aumentou a taxa de fertilização e a água sem casugamicina obteve maior sobrevivência larval (p<0,05), sem efeito na taxa de eclosão (p>0,05). Assim, foi verificado que todos os produtos testados apresentaram toxidade durante alguma fase de incubação dos ovos de tambaqui.
O sucesso da larvicultura de peixes está relacionado com a boa qualidade da água. Nesse sentido, este estudo teve como objetivo verificar os efeitos de diferentes concentrações de amônia sobre os ovos e larvas de tambaqui. Dois casais de tambaqui (fêmeas 6,92 ± 0,90 kg e machos 5,90 ± 1,15 kg) foram submetidos a reprodução artificial. Os gametas foram coletados em recipientes plásticos limpos e secos e em seguida fertilizados. Foram considerados tratamentos as concentrações de 0,0; 0,25; 0,5; 1,0; 2,0; 3,5; 6,5 e 10 mg de amônia total L-1 de água. Após fertilização dos gametas, os ovos foram incubados em recipientes plásticos de 100 ml com os diferentes tratamentos, com cinco repetições cada tratamento. Cada recipiente contendo 20 ovos foi considerado como unidade experimental. O experimento foi realizado sob ambiente controlado, em temperatura ambiente e baixa luminosidade. Os resultados foram submetidos a análise de variância. A taxa de fertilização e a taxa de eclosão dos ovos de tambaqui foram maiores (p<0,05) em água contendo entre 0,0 e 3,5 mg L-1 de amônia total. A sobrevivência das larvas com 12, 24 e 48 horas após eclosão foi maior (p<0,05) em águas contendo concentração entre 0,0 e 2,0 mg L-1 de amônia total. Assim, a exposição dos ovos e larvas de tambaqui em concentrações de até 2,0 mg L-1 de amônia total não apresentaram implicações sobre as taxas de fertilização, eclosão, normalidade e sobrevivência das larvas.
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