“…Framing is among the most heavily referenced paradigms used to guide communication research, and gain-loss framing is among the most frequently employed framing strategies across a wide variety of communication contexts. From health communication campaigns that integrate framed messages to increase compliance with organ donation (e.g., Reinhart, Marshall, Feeley, & Tutzauer, 2007) and anti-smoking interventions (e.g., Zhao & Nan, 2010), to the framing of political statements regarding equal protection and free speech (e.g., Kimble & Wiener, 2016), to marketing campaigns designed to encourage travel (e.g., Seo & Dillard, 2016), to science communication messages designed to promote earthquake preparedness (e.g., Marti, Stauffacher, Matthes, & Wiemer, 2018) or willingness to sacrifice for climate change (e.g., Bilandzic, Kalch, & Soentgen, 2017), gain-loss framing has been embraced by researchers as a potentially powerful persuasive message construction.…”