Effects of graphene geometrical characteristics to the interlaminar fracture toughness of CFRP laminates

Kostagiannakopoulou, C.; Λούτας, Θεόδωρος; Sotiriadis, G.; Kostopoulos, V.

doi:10.1016/j.engfracmech.2021.107584

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Based on literature, researchers have reported that mechanical properties of composite laminates increase by increasing the aspect ratio and specific surface area of GNPs. For instance, Kostagiannakopoulou et al [ 35 ] have shown that adding GNPs with higher aspect ratio and specific surface area into carbon FRP composites can achieve enhancements on mode I and mode II interlaminar fracture toughness. On the other hand, Ahmadi‐Moghadam and Taheri [ 36 ] reported that the interlaminar fracture toughness of FRP composites can be improved with the addition of functionalized GNPs, which causes a stronger GNP/polymer interface bond.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of graphene nanoplatelet concentration on the electrical, mechanical, and piezoresistive properties of glass fiber/epoxy composites

Rodríguez‐González

Rubio-González

2022

Polymer Composites

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This paper reports the effect of weight concentration of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) on the electrical, mechanical, thermo‐mechanical, and piezoresistive properties of unidirectional glass fiber/epoxy composite laminates. The neat (without GNPs) and multiscale laminates (with GNPs) were fabricated with different GNPs contents (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 wt%) using a simple and feasible process based on spray coating followed by vacuum assisted resin infusion. The morphological analysis on glass fiber surfaces evidenced the presence of an effective GNP network formation which tends to be denser as GNPs content increases. As a result, the electrical conductivity and gauge factor measured on top and bottom surfaces of specimens were greatly increased in laminates. Short beam shear and flexural test results showed that the addition of GNPs to the laminates causes a significant reduction in their interlaminar shear strength, flexural strength, and strain to failure with respect to the neat laminate. However, the flexural modulus of laminates does not suffer any apparent change in its reference value and the glass transition temperature was slightly increased in samples with 1.00 wt% GNPs. The fractographic analysis revealed that delamination was the main damage mechanism detected upon mechanical testing, suggesting that relative high concentrations of GNPs cause that interlaminar regions of laminated composites become weaker. In spite of this, excellent strain self‐sensing capabilities and internal damage detection were observed during flexural electromechanical tests performed in beam‐type specimens with higher GNP content.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of graphene nanoplatelet concentration on the electrical, mechanical, and piezoresistive properties of glass fiber/epoxy composites

Rodríguez‐González

Rubio-González

2022

Polymer Composites

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“…GNPs also have the potential to enhance the fracture toughness properties of CFRPs, according to Ref. [23]. On the other hand, reference CFRPs showed a clear brittle behavior as carbon fibers remain almost intact after Mode I testing, as OM implies (see Figure 7a).…”

Section: Mode I Testingmentioning

confidence: 87%

Toughening and Healing of CFRPs by Electrospun Diels–Alder Based Polymers Modified with Carbon Nano-Fillers

et al. 2021

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In the present investigation, thermo-reversible bonds formed between maleimide and furan groups (Diels–Alder (DA)-based bis-maleimides (BMI)) have been generated to enable high-performance unidirectional (UD) carbon fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRPs) with self-healing (SH) functionality. The incorporation of the SH agent (SHA) was performed locally, only in areas of interest, with the solution electrospinning process (SEP) technique. More precisely, reference and modified CFRPs with (a) pure SHA, (b) SHA modified with multi-walled carbon nano-tubes (MWCNTs) and (c) SHA modified with graphene nano-platelets (GNPs) were fabricated and further tested under Mode I loading conditions. According to experimental results, it was shown that the interlaminar fracture toughness properties of modified CFRPs were considerably enhanced, with GNP-modified ones to exhibit the best toughening performance. After the first fracture and the activation of the healing process, C-scan inspections revealed, macroscopically, a healing efficiency (H.E.) of 100%; however, after repeating the tests, a low recovery of mechanical properties was achieved. Finally, optical microscopy (OM) examinations not only showed that the epoxy matrix at the interface was partly infiltrated by the DA resin, but it also revealed the presence of pulled-out fibers at the fractured surfaces, indicating extended fiber bridging between crack flanks due to the presence of the SHA.

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“…Several researchers have studied the fracture behavior of GNP-reinforced polymers. Kostagiannakopoulou et al 11 studied the interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon fiber-reinforced polymers filled with GNPs subjected to modes I and II loading. They used GNPs with different aspect ratios and different specific surface areas at a fixed weight percentage of 0.5.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The synergistic effect of hybridizing and aligning graphene oxide nanoplatelets and multi-walled carbon nanotubes on mode-I fracture behavior of nanocomposite adhesive joints

Radshad

Khoramishad

Nazari

2022

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L:

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The synergistic effect of hybridizing and aligning graphene oxide nanoplatelet (GONP) and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) on the mode-I fracture response of glass fiber/epoxy nanocomposite adhesive was studied. Different mixtures of nanofillers with aligned and random orientations and different mixing ratios and weight percentages were used for fabricating the reinforced nanocomposite adhesive joints. The results showed that the hybridization of MWCNTs and GONPs can considerably enhance the fracture behavior of nanocomposite adhesive joints providing that the appropriate hybrid ratio and weight percentage (wt%) were employed. It was found out that hybridizing one-third GONPs and two-thirds MWCNTs with 0.3 total nanofiller wt% caused 90% further improvement in the fracture energy of adhesive compared to the adhesive reinforced with merely MWCNTs at the same total nanofiller wt%. Furthermore, aligning nanofillers with electrical field resulted in more than twice the higher enhancement in the fracture energy of adhesive. Moreover, assessing the fracture surfaces of the unreinforced and reinforced specimens revealed that the type of reinforcement can affect the failure pattern of the adhesive joints.

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Effects of graphene geometrical characteristics to the interlaminar fracture toughness of CFRP laminates

Cited by 24 publications

References 18 publications

Influence of graphene nanoplatelet concentration on the electrical, mechanical, and piezoresistive properties of glass fiber/epoxy composites

Influence of graphene nanoplatelet concentration on the electrical, mechanical, and piezoresistive properties of glass fiber/epoxy composites

Toughening and Healing of CFRPs by Electrospun Diels–Alder Based Polymers Modified with Carbon Nano-Fillers

The synergistic effect of hybridizing and aligning graphene oxide nanoplatelets and multi-walled carbon nanotubes on mode-I fracture behavior of nanocomposite adhesive joints

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