Effects of Green Manures (in the Form of Monoculture and Intercropping), Biofertilizer and Organic Manure on the Productivity and Phytochemical Properties of Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.)

Abstract

Nowadays, the application of sustainable and eco-friendly fertilizers plays an important role in improving the essential oil (EO) quantity and quality of medicinal and aromatic plants. Hence, the study aimed to investigate the effects of green manures, organic manures and biofertilizers on the nutrient content, dry matter yield, EO productivity and quality of peppermint. The treatments included green manures [barley monoculture (Bm), hairy vetch monoculture (HVm) and replacement intercropping of 75%HV + 25%B, 50%HV + 50%B and 25%HV + 75%B], arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and vermicompost (VC). A 50%HV + 50%B green manure appears to be the most effective treatment, since it provides the greatest amount of nutrients (N and K, 18.8 g kg−1, and 18.1 g kg−1, respectively), the tallest plants (61.5 cm), the most nodes per plant (17.5), the lateral branches (24.4), the highest leaf greenness index (45.5) and dry yield (266.7 g m−2) in peppermint. Moreover, this treatment evidenced the larger EO content (1.8%) and EO yield (4.84 g m−2). Regardless of the treatments, the chemical composition of peppermint EO was characterized by menthol (32.35–37.73%), menthone (16.96–20.64%) and 1,8-cineole (6.18–7.78%). The maximum content of menthol and 1,8-cineole was obtained by the application of 50%HV + 50%B. Additionally, the highest content of menthone was observed in AMF treatment. These results indicate that the application of 50%HV + 50%B green manures could be suggested as an environmentally friendly strategy for improving EO quantity and quality of peppermint.

Green manure (Crotalaria juncea L.) enhances Origanum vulgare L. biomass accumulation, essential oil yield, and phytochemical properties

“…Cymbopogon flexuosus (Nees ex Steud.) W.Watson and Mentha piperita L. cultivated with GM and organic manure significantly increased the content and yield of essential oil, as well as oil composition (Massey et al , Javanmard et al 2022. Nitrogen doses combined with GMs (Medicago sativa and Secale montanum) resulted in higher oil content and yield in Mentha piperita L. (Bidgoli & Mahdavi 2018).…”

Pengaruh Pemberian Biochar dan Kompos Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) Pada Tanah Vertisol

“…Kombinasi biochar sekam padi dan kompos jerami memberikan hasil yang lebih baik dibanding aplikasi tunggal pada komponen produksi padi (Barus, 2016). Pengelolaan pupuk yang berkelanjutan dan ramah lingkungan memegang peranan penting dalam meningkatkan kuantitas dan kualitas hasil tanaman (Javanmard et al, 2022).…”

Aplikasi Limbah Daun Trembesi (Samanea saman Jacq Merr) Sebagai Pupuk Hijau Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Bunga Matahari (Helianthus anuus L.)

“…Pupuk hijau dari tanaman Tithonia diversifolia terbukti mampu memperbaiki kualitas tanah dan meningkatkan hasil tanaman kembang kol dan tanaman melon (Pia et al, 2020). Aplikasi pupuk hijau dan pupuk biologi merupakan strategi pengelolaan pertanian yang ramah lingkungan dan dapat meningkatkan kualitas minyak atsiri pada tanaman pipermint (Hafifah et al, 2016;Javanmard et al, 2022).…”