Effects of ground cover from branches of arboreal species on weed growth and maize yield

Abstract

Effects of ground cover from branches of arboreal species on weed growth and maize yield 1 Efeitos da cobertura do solo com ramos de espécies arbóreas no crescimento das plantas daninhas e rendimento do milho . Two treatment groups (cultivars and weed control) were evaluated. The cultivars AG 1041 and AL Bandeirantes were subjected to the following treatments: no hoeing, double hoeing, and ground a cover of branches of the above species when sowing the maize. A randomised block design was used with split lots (cultivars in the lots) and ten replications. The cultivars did not differ for green ear or grain yield. Double hoeing was more effective than ground cover at reducing the growth of weeds. However, both weeding and ground cover resulted in similar yields for green ears and grain, which were greater than those obtained with the unweeded maize. Key words: Zea mays. Azadirachta indica. Gliricidia sepium. Leucaena leucocephala. Mimosa caesalpiniifolia. Hoeing. Green corn.RESUMO -O cultivo do milho em sistema de aléias resulta em melhoria do solo, redução das plantas daninhas e aumento do rendimento. Os trabalhos com a cobertura do solo com a parte aérea de árvores produz resultados semelhantes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da cobertura do solo com 30 t ha -1 (matéria fresca) de ramos das espécies arbóreas nim (Azadirachta indica A. Juss), gliricídia [Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Walp.], leucena [Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit.] e sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.) sobre o crescimento das plantas daninhas e sobre o rendimento do milho. Dois grupos de tratamentos (cultivares e controle de plantas daninhas) foram avaliados. As cultivares AG 1041 e AL Bandeirantes foram submetidas aos seguintes tratamentos: sem capinas, duas capinas e cobertura do solo, por ocasião da semeadura do milho, com ramos das espécies referidas. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos casualizados com parcelas subdivididas (cultivares nas parcelas) e dez repetições. As cultivares não diferiram quantos aos rendimentos de espigas verdes e de grãos. A realização de duas capinas foi mais eficiente na redução do crescimento das plantas daninhas do que a cobertura do solo. Entretanto, as capinas e a cobertura do solo propiciaram rendimentos semelhantes de espigas verdes e de grãos, que foram superiores aos obtidos no milho não capinado. Palavras

Economic nitrogen doses via fertigation for corn cultivation in a semiarid environment

“…In a study using irrigated corn in Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil, Silva et al (2014) obtained a maximum estimated grain yield (7,480.00 kg ha -1 ) at the recommended dose of 88 kg ha -1 N for the production of hybrid AG 1051. In the same edaphoclimatic conditions and using the hybrid AG 1051, Silva, Braga, Ribeiro, Oliveira, and Santos (2010), Silva, Oliveira, Silva, Chicas, and Tomaz (2015), and Monteiro, Silva, Tavella, Oliveira, and Silva (2016) reached average grain yields of 5,094.00; 6,264.00; and 6,332.00 kg ha -1 , respectively, with a dose of 120 kg ha -1 N. These productivities were superior to the present research and can be justified by the use of NH 3 sulfate instead of urea (Barros, Santos, Pacheco, Procópio, & Souza, 2016), reducing possible N loss by NH 3 volatilization and sulfur availability, in addition to the use of phosphate fertilization (60 to 120 kg ha -1 P 2 O 5 ) and potassium (30 to 50 kg ha -1 K 2 O) in the foundation.…”

Leguminous Alley Cropping Improves the Production, Nutrition, and Yield of Forage Sorghum

“…Studies on the benefits of corn and sorghum alleys have found evidence that leguminous alleys increase plant height when compared to single cultivation [22,23]. The application of leguminous residues controls weeds and improves the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil [24].…”