Effects of Growth Hormone and Pregnancy on Expression of Growth Hormone Receptor, Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I, and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-2 and -3 Genes in Bovine Uterus, Ovary, and Oviduct1

Kirby, Crystal J.; Thatcher, W.W.; Collier, Robert J.; Simmen, Frank A.; Lucy, M.C.

doi:10.1095/biolreprod55.5.996

Cited by 99 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…There is little variation in expression between days 5 and 16 after estrus in cyclic or pregnant cows (61). Endometrial expression of IGF1 was not regulated by somatotropin in 2 experiments (59,60). In a third study, expression of IGF1 as well as IGFBP2 and IGFBP3 was increased in endometrium of cyclic but not pregnant animals at day 17 after estrus (55).…”

Section: Insulin-like Growth Factormentioning

confidence: 90%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Maternal embryokines that regulate development of the bovine preimplantation embryo

Hansen¹,

Denicol²,

Dobbs³

2014

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The zygote contains within its genome and epigenome the program to direct development through the embryonic, fetal, and postnatal periods. The execution of that program is dependent on the embryo's nongenetic inheritance from the oocyte and sperm (1,2) as well as on the environment in which development proceeds. Variation in the maternal environment can affect the ability of the preimplantation embryo to establish pregnancy. In cattle, the focus of this review, competence of the preimplantation embryo for growth and survival can be affected by maternal parity (3), lactational status (4), and circulating concentrations of progesterone (5). Moreover, patterns of gene expression in the endometrium are associated with survival of an embryo transferred to the uterus in the next ovulatory cycle (6,7).Development of the bovine embryo to the blastocyst in the absence of maternal signals (i.e. through in vitro production procedures) results in embryos with aberrant gene expression (8,9), lipid content (10,11), DNA methylation (12), and, as shown in the Table, reduced competence to establish pregnancy after transfer into recipients (13-17). Additionally, an increased proportion of embryos produced in vitro have developmental abnormalities that lead to increased neonatal death losses (18-20). Some of the problems with the in vitro-produced embryo could result from selection of incompetent oocytes or inadequate oocyte maturation. However, the importance of the maternal environment during development is indicated by observations that transfer of in vitro-produced embryos to the oviduct after fertilization limits some of the abnormalities associated with in vitro production (9,21).One function of the reproductive tract is to secrete bioactive molecules that regulate the embryo, oviduct, or endometrium. Genes for 115 ligands expressed in the endometrium had the corresponding receptor gene expressed by the embryo (22). Regulatory molecules produced by the oviduct and endometrium, which include hormones, growth factors, and cytokines, are referred to as embryokines when they function to regulate embryonic growth and development (23).It is likely that some of the variation in the ability of the reproductive tract to support embryonic development represents variation in secretion of embryokines. Indeed, several genes that were overexpressed in the endometrium of cows that subsequently became pregnant after embryo transfer as compared to cows that did not establish pregnancy are potential embryokines. These include NGF,

show abstract

Section: Insulin-like Growth Factormentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Expression peaks around estrus and declines thereafter (56,57). IGF1 is also expressed in the uterine endometrium (55,59,60). There is little variation in expression between days 5 and 16 after estrus in cyclic or pregnant cows (61).…”

Section: Insulin-like Growth Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal embryokines that regulate development of the bovine preimplantation embryo

Hansen¹,

Denicol²,

Dobbs³

2014

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The presence of mRNA for GH receptors in the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland [30,31] has raised the possibility that GH plays a role in the link between nutrition and gonadotrophin secretion [32]. In ruminants, energy balance affects plasma concentrations of GH under a wide variety of experimental conditions [33] but, in male sheep, it does not seem to be involved in the stimulation of GnRH secretion because an increase in nutrition induces a decrease in plasma GH concentrations [13].…”

Section: Growth Hormonementioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic and integrative aspects of the regulation of reproduction by metabolic status in male sheep

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-Change in metabolic status, defined as a change in the availability of nutrients and energy to the tissues, is a powerful regulator of the reproductive function in small ruminants, especially in genotypes that are not strongly responsive to photoperiod such as the Merino sheep. In this paper, the dynamics of the response of the reproductive axis to changes in metabolic status are reviewed in the light of recent studies. The nature and the roles of the various components of the pathways linking metabolic status to reproduction are considered: nutrients and metabolites, the endocrine system, and the nervous system. We discuss the role of leptin and insulin in detail because of the central role of these two hormones in both the early gonadotrophin response to increase in nutrition and the long-term response of the testis to dietary stimulation. The possible roles of recently identified peptides, such as ghrelin and kisspeptin, are also considered as we develop a general hypothesis that encompasses the different levels of integration necessary to explain the complex interactions between reproductive function and metabolic status, and the possible existence of a "metabolic memory" in this interaction.nutrition / GnRH / LH / leptin / insulin / testis

show abstract

“…IGF-I and -II promote DNA synthesis, cell proliferation and differentiation as well as having acute anabolic effects on protein and carbohydrate metabolism ( Jones & Clemmons 1995, Hossner et al 1997. IGF-I and -II are expressed in the bovine uterus (Geisert et al 1991, Kirby et al 1996 and conceptus (Watson et al 1992) and are also present in ovine uterine luminal fluid (Ko et al 1991) during the pre-implantation period. During this time the ruminant embryo is free living in utero and is dependent on the maternal glandular secretions for all metabolic requirements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The expression of the IGF system in the bovine uterus throughout the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy

Robinson¹,

Mann²,

Gadd³

et al. 2000

Journal of Endocrinology

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The IGF system is expressed in the uterus during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy and is likely to play an important role in regulating the development of the embryo and uterus. The IGF peptides (IGF-I and -II) mediate their effects through the type 1 IGF receptor (IGF-1R), while the IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP-1 to -6) modulate their interaction with the receptor. In this study, the expression of the IGF system in the bovine uterus was determined throughout the oestrous cycle and on day 16 of pregnancy.Endometrial biopsy samples were collected from four cows over three cycles such that there were samples for every 2 days from day 0 (oestrus) to day 14 and then every day until day 21. To assess the effect of pregnancy, uterine horn cross-sections were collected on day 16 from 15 pregnant (PREG), five inseminated non-pregnant (INP) and nine uninseminated cyclic controls (CONT). The expression of mRNA for the IGFs, IGF-1R and IGFBP-1 to -5 was determined by in situ hybridisation and the results were quantified by measuring the optical density units from autoradiographs. The main region of IGF-I mRNA expression was the sub-epithelial stroma underlying the luminal epithelium. The expression of IGF-I mRNA was highest at oestrus and lowest during the early and late luteal phases. On day 16, IGF-I mRNA levels were low in all groups, with pregnancy having no effect on the IGF-I mRNA concentrations. The strongest expression of IGF-II mRNA was in the caruncular stroma, with pregnancy having no significant effect in this region. IGF-1R mRNA was also present in the caruncles and was strongly expressed in all epithelial cells both throughout the oestrous cycle and during early pregnancy. The expression of IGFBP-1 mRNA was confined to the luminal epithelium, with the strongest expression seen on day 14 of the cycle. On day 16 the expression of IGFBP-1 mRNA was higher in the PREG group compared with the CONT group. The expression of IGFBP-2 mRNA was localised to the sub-epithelial stroma with more INP than PREG cows showing detectable levels of IGFBP-2. The strongest expression of IGFBP-3 mRNA was in the caruncular stroma; expression in the endometrial stroma was similarly decreased during early pregnancy. IGFBP-5 mRNA was mainly expressed in the inner ring of myometrium and was not affected by pregnancy on day 16.In conclusion, these results show that many components of the uterine IGF system are differentially regulated during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy and suggest that modulation of the IGF system may influence uterine activity during this period.

show abstract

Effects of Growth Hormone and Pregnancy on Expression of Growth Hormone Receptor, Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I, and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-2 and -3 Genes in Bovine Uterus, Ovary, and Oviduct1

Cited by 99 publications

References 39 publications

Maternal embryokines that regulate development of the bovine preimplantation embryo

Maternal embryokines that regulate development of the bovine preimplantation embryo

Dynamic and integrative aspects of the regulation of reproduction by metabolic status in male sheep

The expression of the IGF system in the bovine uterus throughout the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About