Effects of gully control measures on sediment yield and connectivity in wooded rangelands

Alfonso-Torreño, Alberto; Schnabel, Susanne; Gómez‐Gutiérrez, Álvaro; Crema, Stefano; Cavalli, Marco

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2022.106259

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Detection of volumetric STCs was performed in ArcGIS 10.1 software, using the Geomorphic Change Detection 7 addon [64][65][66]. During the detection of volumetric STCs, GDC7 considers the uncertainty of multi-temporal models, which is taken as the minimal level of detection [51,67]. The minimal level of detection threshold (LoD min ) was set accordingly to the mean TLS survey error, which was 1.29 cm for TLS survey 2019, and 1.37 cm for TLS survey 2020, with 0.95 confidence level probabilistic thresholding applied.…”

Section: Detection Of Spatio-temporal Changes Within Gully Headcutmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Systematic Framework for Optimization of Multi-Temporal Terrestrial LiDAR Surveys over Complex Gully Morphology

et al. 2022

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Terrestrial LiDAR scanning (TLS) has in preceding years emerged as one of the most accurate and reliable geospatial methods for the creation of very-high resolution (VHR) models over gullies and other complex geomorphic features. Rough terrain morphology and rapid erosion induced spatio-temporal changes (STCs) can lead to significant challenges in multi-temporal field TLS surveys. In this study, we present a newly developed systematic framework for the optimization of multi-temporal terrestrial LiDAR surveys through the implementation of thorough systematic pre-survey planning and field preparation phases. The developed systematic framework is aimed at increase of accuracy and repeatability of multi-temporal TLS surveys, where optimal TLS positions are determined based on visibility analysis. The whole process of selection of optimal TLS positions was automated with the developed TLS positioning tool (TPT), which allows the user to adjust the parameters of visibility analysis to local terrain characteristics and the specifications of available terrestrial laser scanners. Application and validation of the developed framework were carried out over the gully Santiš (1226.97 m2), located at Pag Island (Croatia). Eight optimal TLS positions were determined by the TPT tool, from which planned coverage included almost 97% of the whole gully area and 99.10% of complex gully headcut morphology. In order to validate the performance of the applied framework, multi-temporal TLS surveys were carried out over the gully Santiš in December 2019 and 2020 using the Faro Focus M70 TLS. Field multi-temporal TLS surveys have confirmed the accuracy and reliability of the developed systematic framework, where very-high coverage (>95%) was achieved. Shadowing effects within the complex overhangs in the gully headcut and deeply incised sub-channels were successfully minimalized, thus allowing accurate detection and quantification of erosion induced STCs. Detection of intensive erosion induced STCs within the observed one-year period was carried out for the chosen part of the gully headcut. Most of the detected STCs were related to the mass collapse and gradual uphill retreat of the headcut, where in total 2.42 m2 of soil has been eroded. The developed optimization framework has significantly facilitated the implementation of multi-temporal TLS surveys, raising both their accuracy and repeatability. Therefore, it has great potential for further application over gullies and other complex geomorphic features where accurate multi-temporal TLS surveys are required for monitoring and detection of different STCs.

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Section: Detection Of Spatio-temporal Changes Within Gully Headcutmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Systematic Framework for Optimization of Multi-Temporal Terrestrial LiDAR Surveys over Complex Gully Morphology

et al. 2022

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“…However, in the southern part of the Wei River basin, the Qinling region, despite having forests with high vegetation cover, had a higher connectivity than flat grassland or farmland, largely due to the steep slopes. It is important to note that there is a clear connection between sediment connectivity and soil erosion, with changes in connectivity having a greater impact on areas with steep slopes or in gullies (Alfonso‐Torreno et al, 2022; Zhou et al, 2022). Vegetation and slope are important factors affecting sediment connectivity in many studies (Heckmann et al, 2018; Wang et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The temporal variation of sediment connectivity from 1982 to 2020 in the Wei River basin, China

Liao,

2023

Hydrological Processes

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Sediment connectivity is a valuable metric that characterizes the relationship between sediment transport from the source to the sink, and the ease of sediment erosion. Over the past four decades, changes in land use types and vegetation cover have significantly altered sediment dynamics in the Wei River basin. In this study, we used the index of connectivity (IC) to assess the temporal changes in sediment connectivity at a watershed scale. We employed Landsat images to analyse the relationship between changes in vegetation cover or land use type and sediment connectivity. We used factor detector and interaction detector in Geodetector to analyse the importance and impact of vegetation and slope on IC changes. We assessed the correlation of sediment yield and connectivity to validate our results and it shows that IC has strong or moderate positive correlation with sediment yield from eight out of nine stations in the Wei River Basin. Our findings demonstrate that soil and water conservation measures, as well as the grain for green project, have led to the transformation of cropland and grassland into woodland. This change is reflected in the decrease of the maximum IC value from 6.24 to 5.72 in the Beiluo sub‐basin, indicating a decreasing trend in sediment connectivity. Although the maximum IC value increased from 5.76 to 5.08 in the Jing sub‐basin, driven by human activity, showing an increasing trend. Furthermore, the IC value decreased in the western part of the Wei sub‐basin. Overall, sediment connectivity exhibits a weak decreasing trend in most regions of the Wei River basin, while it shows an increasing trend slightly in the Jing sub‐basin. The correlation coefficients ranged from 0.47 to 0.86, with sediment yield being moderately or strongly correlated with IC. Our study identified vegetation, human activity, and slope as the main influencing factors of IC. The results of factor detector showed that the q value of vegetation was 0.63 and the slope was 0.1, Vegetation played a major role in the change of IC. The results of interaction detector showed that interaction between vegetation and slope was greater than the single factor. The temporal variability of sediment connectivity in the basin provides valuable insights for sediment transport management. Our research highlights the importance of studying sediment connectivity and offers proposals for measures that can be taken to address sediment transport challenges in the Wei River basin.

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“…Meanwhile, ICs in this study were mainly positively correlated with TR and elevation, which further confirmed the positive effect of terrain on the IC. However, there was also a negative relationship between these two factors, indicating that the impact of terrain on IC is complex and may be affected by interactions with other factors such as vegetation, surface roughness, soil permeability, transmission channel, and the capacity to store water and sediment [20,62,63]. Therefore, further analysis is needed that focuses on determining the factors that influence the spatial variations in IC.…”

Section: Relationship Between Sediment Connectivity and Environmental...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To reveal the transport mechanism of eroded sediment from roads, it is necessary to clarify the source it originated from, the way it happened, and the environmental conditions it depends on, as well as its efficiency and the connectivity it transported [17,18]. Sediment connectivity characterizes the transport process and transport potential of sediment from source to sink through separation and transport processes [19,20]. As an important representative of human activities in watersheds, roads are expected to affect the degree and spatial distribution of sediment connectivity by changing topography, surface flow direction, and drainage networks [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Sediment Connectivity to Altered Convergence Processes Induced by Forest Roads in Mountainous Watershed

et al. 2022

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Forest roads significantly affect sediment connectivity in mountainous catchments by contributing to the production of and disturbing the confluence of sediment-loaded runoff. This study considered forest roads as pathways and sinks of sediment-loaded runoff to understand the effects of forest roads on the confluence characteristics and sediment connectivity in mountainous a catchment using a scenario simulation. In order to determine the contribution and spatial relationship between sediment connectivity and influencing factors, this study utilized buffer analysis, an extremely randomized tree model, and multiscale geographically weighted regression. The results show that the presence of forest roads significantly changes the transport process and connectivity of runoff and sediment in the mountainous catchment. Specifically, flow length increases, but flow accumulation, upslope contributing area, and topographic index decrease with increasing distance from roads and streams. Meanwhile, the effects of roads on convergence characteristics and sediment connectivity are mainly manifested within a certain threshold that varies with different confluence characteristics. Moreover, sediment connectivity increases when considering roads as pathways and sinks of sediment-loaded runoff, especially on the upper hillslopes intercepted by roads and at the road–stream crossings. In addition, the closer the distance to the roads, the greater the impact of road on the confluence characteristics and sediment connectivity. Change in flow length is the most important factor affecting the sediment connectivity among all of the other convergence, terrain, and spatial distance characteristics. The longer the flow length, the lower the sediment connectivity. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the altered confluence processes by roads increases the possibility that sediment-loaded runoff will be transported to the catchment outlet, which is of significance for the proper management of forest roads in mountainous catchments.

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Effects of gully control measures on sediment yield and connectivity in wooded rangelands

Cited by 17 publications

References 91 publications

A New Systematic Framework for Optimization of Multi-Temporal Terrestrial LiDAR Surveys over Complex Gully Morphology

A New Systematic Framework for Optimization of Multi-Temporal Terrestrial LiDAR Surveys over Complex Gully Morphology

The temporal variation of sediment connectivity from 1982 to 2020 in the Wei River basin, China

Response of Sediment Connectivity to Altered Convergence Processes Induced by Forest Roads in Mountainous Watershed

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