Effects of Hardware Design and Operation Conditions on PEM Fuel Cell Water Flooding

Zhang, Jianlu; Li, Hui; Shi, Zheng; Zhang, Jiujun

doi:10.1080/15435075.2010.515185

Cited by 34 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has high energy efficiency, zero emission, and rapid startup capability, making it a desirable clean power source for stationary, mobile, and portable applications. One of the critical issues in PEMFC is the water management because a delicate water balance is required to obtain a good cell performance and durability . Water accumulates in the cathode due to reaction and electroosmotic drag effect and is mainly removed by gas flow in the cathode gas flow channel; a good water management strategy in PEMFC hence requires the understanding of water behavior in the gas flow channel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of liquid water transport in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell gas flow channel with dynamic wettability

Qin

Yin

2018

Int J Energy Res

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Summary Liquid water transport in the gas flow channel is significantly important for the water removal and management in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Previous numerical studies consider a single and constant static contact angle for the liquid water transport on the channel surface, which is insufficient to account for the dynamic wettability behavior of the flow. In this study, a dynamic wettability model is developed that incorporates the sliding angle and dynamic contact angles for the simulation of water transport in the flow channel. It is found that both the sliding and dynamic contact angles have significant impact on the characteristics of the water transport and dynamics in the flow channel. Water spreading on the channel surface is elliptic, and its minor and major axes oscillate out of phase with the droplet height. The pressure loss for the 2‐phase flow in the channel is directly related to this oscillation and deformation of the droplet shape. Flow channel surface with a small sliding angle facilitates the water transport and removal and reduces the associated pressure loss in the channel. The conventional static wettability model would overpredict droplet deformation and breakup as well as the pressure loss in the channel.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of liquid water transport in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell gas flow channel with dynamic wettability

Qin

Yin

2018

Int J Energy Res

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“…To better evaluate the durability of Ni@C-500 °C, a long-term durability test was conducted for 120 h, and the results were given in Figure b. The testing temperature was chosen as 70 °C to avoid the degradation of the ionomer and membrane. ,, As shown in Figure b, the cell operated stably at 0.7 V for 120 h. The observed sharp downward peaks shown in the inset of Figure b were ascribed to the water flooding during the cell operation …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Antioxidation Capability of the Ni Catalyst by Carbon Shell Coating for Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction

Gao

Peng

Wang

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Increasing the antioxidation capability of Ni for the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) is considered important and challenging for alkaline polymer electrolyte fuel cells (APEFCs). Herein, we report a series of Ni-core carbon-shell (Ni@C) catalysts obtained by a vacuum pyrolysis method treated at different temperatures. According to the cyclic voltammetry tests and the HOR tests, Ni@C treated at 500 °C exhibits a much higher Ni core utilization and better catalytic activity toward HOR than the commonly used Ni/C catalyst. Furthermore, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization shows that a higher percentage of Ni0 appears at the surface of the Ni core of Ni@C than the Ni/C catalyst. The accelerated durability tests, as well as the chronoamperometry tests, suggest that the antioxidation capability of Ni has been obviously improved by the carbon shells. The Raman spectra show that the graphitization degree of the carbon shells might be the key factor affecting the Ni utilization and the HOR catalytic activity of the Ni@C catalysts. The APEFC achieves a peak power density of 160 mW/cm2 using Ni@C-500 °C as the anode, which could also stably discharge for 120 h at 0.7 V.

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“…As mentioned earlier, dynamic response and characteristics can be significantly affected by the water content/ transport in the cell structure and membrane hydration, which is in turn influenced considerably by the level of humidification in the reactant gas streams at the flow channel inlet. 40,42,43 Figure 15A, B shows the dynamic characteristics of the local current density near the flow channel inlet and outlet regions, respectively, corresponding to changes in the RH of the hydrogen and air gas streams at the flow channel inlet. The results shown are obtained for the same operating conditions except the cell voltage at 0.3 V, which provides more intensive fluctuations in the current density measured, as shown earlier.…”

Section: Effect Of Inlet Relative Humidity (Rh)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic characteristics of the local current density in proton exchange membrane fuel cells with different operating conditions

Alaefour

2018

Int J Energy Res

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Summary The present study reports an experimental investigation regarding the dynamic characteristics of local current density in proton exchange membrane fuel cells during dynamic operation, important for mobile applications, by using segmented current collector method. The results indicate that for fully humidified operation, the local current density fluctuates more intensely when the cell potential is reduced, corresponding to an increase in the average cell current density (or load), whereas it is reduced considerably when the air stoichiometry is increased. Fluctuations in the local current density are lower near the flow channel inlet region and higher near the channel exit region. Operation at higher pressures enhances the cell performance, as expected, but results into severer fluctuations in the local current density. Further, it is observed that both the magnitude and the frequency of the fluctuations for the local current density are strongly influenced by the humidity condition in the reactant gas streams, and partially humidified operation results in significant fluctuations in regions near the channel inlet, suggesting close relation to the presence, distribution, and transport of water in the cell structure.

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Effects of Hardware Design and Operation Conditions on PEM Fuel Cell Water Flooding

Cited by 34 publications

References 30 publications

Modeling of liquid water transport in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell gas flow channel with dynamic wettability

Modeling of liquid water transport in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell gas flow channel with dynamic wettability

Improving the Antioxidation Capability of the Ni Catalyst by Carbon Shell Coating for Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction

Dynamic characteristics of the local current density in proton exchange membrane fuel cells with different operating conditions

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