Effects of Heat Stress During Grain Filling on Sugar Accumulation and Enzyme Activity Associated with Sucrose Metabolism in Sweet Corn

Zhao, Fei; Jing, Liquan; Yan, Fabao; Lu, Dalei; Wang, Guiyue; Lu, Wei

doi:10.3724/sp.j.1006.2013.01644

Cited by 17 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Later on, this difference no longer existed. A study on sweet maize showed that the activities of SuSy were decreased throughout grain filling 8 . The reduced activities of SPS and SuSy restrained sucrose synthesis 26 , 30 and increased grain starch content before 15 DAP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All procedures for enzyme extraction were carried out in ice (0 °C–2 °C). The embryo and pericarp of the grains were removed, and approximately 1 g fresh weight of the lyophilized samples were homogenized in the extraction buffer containing 50 mM HEPES-NaOH (pH 7.5) followed by centrifugation at 10,000 × g for 10 min 8 . The supernatant was used for enzyme assays.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The normal maize grain protein accumulation was decreased, whereas the concentration of protein components, such as glutelin, albumin, and globulin, was relatively increased by 4 day heat stress at 5 days after pollination (DAP) 7 . Heat stress during grain filling decreased the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and SuSy, which inevitably led to decreased sucrose content in sweet maize 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Heat stress during grain filling affects activities of enzymes involved in grain protein and starch synthesis in waxy maize

Yang

Ding

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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High temperature (temperature over 35 °C) is an extremely important environmental factor that affects the maize grain quality in Southern China. The effects of heat stress after pollination on grain protein and starch deposition and activities of involved enzymes were studied in a pot trail in 2014 and 2015. Results showed that grain dry weight reductions at maturity were 19.8% and 19.1%, whereas starch contents (mg g−1) were reduced by 3.0% and 3.3%, and starch accumulation (mg grain−1) were reduced 22.2% and 21.8% in 2014 and 2015, respectively. Protein content was decreased by heat stress before 15 DAP and increased thereafter. At maturity, protein contents (mg g−1) were increased by 24.5% and 25.3% in 2014 and 2015, while protein accumulation (mg grain−1) were not affected by heat stress. In response to heat stress, glutamate synthase activity was enhanced by 29.1–82.9% in 2014 and 2.0–141.8% in 2015, whereas glutamine synthetase activity was reduced by 1.9–43.5% in 2014 and 0.1–27.4% in 2015 throughout the grain filling. The activities of sucrose phosphate synthase were decreased by heat stress at 10–25DAP (12.7–32.0%) in 2014 and 15–20 DAP (23.2–27.5%) in 2015, and activities of sucrose synthase were decreased by heat stress at 5–15 DAP (20.0–45.0%) in 2014 and 15 DAP (22.0%) in 2015, repectively. The activities of enyzmes that involved in starch synthessis were all suppressed by heat stress during grain filling, and the reduction of adenosine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase, soluble starch synthase, and starch branching enzyme were decreased by 21.3–43.1%, 19.1–29.2%, and 7.0–45.6% in 2014 and 1.8–78.5%, 21.4–51.2%, and 11.0–48.0% in 2015, respectively. Conclusively, grain weight and starch deposition were suppressed by heat stress due to the decreased activities of enzymes involved in starch synthesis, and the increased protein content was due to the enhanced activity of glutamate synthase.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Heat stress during grain filling affects activities of enzymes involved in grain protein and starch synthesis in waxy maize

Yang

Ding

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…In the reverse reaction, sucrose can be synthesized from glucose and fructose by SS-synthesis or SPS in the presence of UDP-glucose (UDPG). Sucrose also modulates the response in field and model plants to cold , heat (Zhao et al, 2013), drought (Hoffmann, 2010), and anoxia (Lara et al, 2011). Sucrose may protect the cytomembrane by acting as a cytoprotectant, scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), act as a signaling molecule, and regulate gene expression to protect plants against stress .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Sucrose Metabolism in Peach Fruit Stored at Chilling Stress versus Nonchilling Stress Temperatures

Shao

et al. 2015

horts

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To explore differences in sucrose metabolism between peach fruit subjected to chilling stress (5 °C) and nonchilling stress (10 °C), sucrose concentration as well as the activities and gene expression levels for enzymes associated with sucrose metabolism were compared. Fruits stored at 5 °C accumulated higher concentrations of H2O2 and developed severe chilling injury (CI) compared with fruit kept at 10 °C. Activities and gene expression levels for enzymes related to sucrose metabolism, such as acid invertase (AI), neutral invertase (NI), sucrose synthase (SS), and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) were higher in fruit stored at 5 °C than at 10 °C throughout or late in storage. A sharp increase in net sucrose cleavage activity dramatically decreased sucrose concentration and increased reducing sugars at 5 °C. The sucrose concentration at 10 °C increased over the first 21 days and then declined slightly, and was higher than in fruit at 5 °C throughout storage. The increase in net sucrose cleavage activity at 5 °C is contrary to the expectation that biochemical reactions ordinarily proceed more rapidly with increasing temperature. We conclude that chilling stress stimulates the activities and transcription levels of enzymes involved in sucrose metabolism, resulting in increased sucrose cleavage.

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“…Extraction of SuSy (EC 2.4.1.13) and determination of its activity were performed as described by Zhao et al () and Zhang et al () with modifications. A reaction medium composed of 50 mM MOPS‐NaOH (pH 7.5), 10 mM MgSO 2 , 10 mM fructose, 10 mM fructose, and 5 mM uridine 5′‐diphosphate glucose was used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nitrogen forms on carbohydrate metabolism and storage‐root formation of sweet potato

Shi

Liu

et al. 2018

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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In this study, we examined the effects of different forms of nitrogen (N) fertilizer on carbohydrate metabolism and storage root formation in sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas L. (Lam.) cv. Shangshu 19 and cv. Jixu 23] in 2015-2016. Two fertilizer treatments, ammonium nitrogen (AN) and amide nitrogen (XN), were applied at 60 kg ha -1 in a two-factor split-plot design. The effects of nitrogen form on the morphology of adventitious roots, carbohydrate metabolism in potential storage roots, and number of storage roots per plant in sweet potato were investigated. The results show that during the early growth phase, the AN treatment significantly increased the number of adventitious roots, root tips, root length density, and fresh weight of roots (in pot trials). This treatment also significantly decreased the sucrose concentration of potential storage roots and increased the activities of cell wall, vacuolar, and cytoplasmic invertases. However, XN-treated potential storage roots showed a relatively high starch concentration, activities of sucrose synthase and ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, and transcription of sporamin genes. At the canopy closure period, the AN treatment significantly increased the number of storage roots of 0.5-5.0 cm in diameter and decreased the number of those > 5 cm in diameter compared to the control. The XN treatment induced the opposite effects. In the harvesting period, the AN treatment produced the highest storage root yield and number of storage roots per plant. Thus, in field trials the AN treatment induced a greater increase in production by increasing the number of storage roots.

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Effects of Heat Stress During Grain Filling on Sugar Accumulation and Enzyme Activity Associated with Sucrose Metabolism in Sweet Corn

Cited by 17 publications

References 16 publications

Heat stress during grain filling affects activities of enzymes involved in grain protein and starch synthesis in waxy maize

Heat stress during grain filling affects activities of enzymes involved in grain protein and starch synthesis in waxy maize

Differences in Sucrose Metabolism in Peach Fruit Stored at Chilling Stress versus Nonchilling Stress Temperatures

Effects of nitrogen forms on carbohydrate metabolism and storage‐root formation of sweet potato

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