Effects of heat-treatment atmosphere on electrochemical performances of Ni-rich mixed-metal oxide (LiNi0.80Co0.15Mn0.05O2) as a cathode material for lithium ion battery

Shim, Jae-Hyun; Kim, Chang‐Yeon; Cho, Sang-Woo; Missiul, Aleksandr; Kim, Jinkyu; Ahn, Young Ju; Lee, Sang-Hun

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2014.06.079

Cited by 78 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Thep resence of residual lithium was reduced after HT at 720 8Ci nO 2 ,b ecause the NiO layer was re-oxidized and could then react with residual lithium species during the HT process.T he materials dried at lower temperatures showed greater reductions in their residual lithiumc ontent than those dried at ah igher temperatures.A sarelatively large amounto fl ithium can be re-inserted into the bulk structure after leaching, the capacity loss may be caused by re-insertion of intermediate phasess uch as LiNiO 2 . [20,21] Thel eachingo fl ithium from the bulk structure has a strong effect on the crystal structure at the NCM surface,a s well as its surface morphology. Thec ation-disordering effects of leaching were evident from the XRD patterns of bare and washed samples before and after HT,a ss hown in Figure S6 (Supporting Information); these did not show any secondary phaseso rs ignificant changes except for slightc hanges in peak intensities.All washed samples had an I (003) /I (104) intensity ratio that was greater than 1.4.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Residual Lithium Rearrangement on Ni‐rich Layered Oxide Cathodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

et al. 2018

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A water washing process can effectively reduce the presence of residual lithium with minimal effect on lithium‐ion battery cell performance. We investigated the effects of varying the amount of water used for washing and the temperature used to evaporate the water on Li1.00Ni0.80Co0.15Mn0.05O2. The residual lithium decreased and the cell performance deteriorated as the amount of water used for washing was increased from 0.7 to 5 times the amount of active material. The temperature at which the active material was dried after washing had a considerable effect on the reformation of the residual lithium layer after heat treatment. A ratio of water/active material of 1:1 and a drying temperature of 120 °C were selected as the optimal washing conditions, achieving a residual lithium content of less than 1000 ppm with minimum deterioration in cell performance; as a result of the treatment, the total volume of gas evolution was reduced by 25 %.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Residual Lithium Rearrangement on Ni‐rich Layered Oxide Cathodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

et al. 2018

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“…As discussed above, the content of Li residues and the level of cation disorder depend highly on the synthetic conditions, particularly for the contributions from the particle size, Li‐excess content, calcination temperature, calcination atmosphere, and heating/cooling rate. In particular, Wang et al investigate the kinetic and thermodynamic aspects of cationic ordering during synthesis of Ni‐rich cathodes by adjusting the sintering temperature and time .…”

Section: Strategies To Mitigate the Surface/interface Structure Degramentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface/Interface Structure Degradation of Ni‐Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes toward Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Fundamental Mechanisms and Remedying Strategies

Liang

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2019

Adv Materials Inter

162

111

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Nickel‐rich layered transition‐metal oxides with high‐capacity and high‐power capabilities are established as the principal cathode candidates for next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries. However, several intractable issues such as the poor thermal stability and rapid capacity fade as well as the air‐sensitivity particularly for the Ni content over 80% have seriously restricted their broadly practical applications. The properties and nature of the stable surface/interface, where the Li+ shuttles back and forth between the cathode and electrolyte, play a significant role in their ultimate lithium‐storage performance and industrial processability. Thus, tremendous efforts are made to in‐depth understanding of the essential origins of surface/interface structure degradation and efficient surface modification methodologies are intensively explored. The purpose of the contribution is first to provide a comprehensive review of the up‐to‐date mechanisms proposed to rationally elucidate the surface/interface behaviors, and then, focus on recent developed strategies to optimize the surface/interface structure and chemistry including synthetic condition regulation, surface doping, surface coating, dual doping‐coating modification, and concentration‐gradient structure as well as electrolyte additives. Finally, the perspective on future research trends and feasible approaches toward advanced Ni‐rich cathodes with stable surface/interface is presented briefly.

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“…41,[43][44][45][46] The main difficulty of synthesizing Ni-rich materials is the minimization of the degree of cation mixing which requires an excess of lithium source prior to sintering. 24 However, lithium compounds remaining after synthesis, like Li 2 CO 3 , have a negative impact on the cell.…”

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confidence: 99%

Study of the Failure Mechanisms of LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

Downie

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

442

372

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LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 O 2 (NMC811) can deliver a high capacity of ∼200 mAh/g with an average discharge potential of ∼3.8 V (vs. Li + /Li), making it a promising positive electrode material for high energy density lithium ion batteries. However, electrochemical tests from half cells and full cells show poor cycling performance when charged to potentials above 4.2 V. The calendar and cycle lifetimes of cells are affected by the structural stability of the active electrode materials as well as the parasitic reactions that occur in lithium ion batteries. In order to explore the major failure mechanisms of the material, half cells (coin cells) with control electrolyte and full cells (pouch cells) with control electrolyte and with selected electrolyte additives were tested over four different potential ranges. Isothermal microcalorimetry was used to explore the parasitic reactions and their potential dependence. In-situ and ex-situ X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to investigate the structural and morphological degradation of the materials over cycling. It was found that the dramatic c-axis change of the active material during charge and discharge may not be the major problem for cells that are cycled to higher potentials. The parasitic reactions that arise from the interactions between the electrolyte and the highly reactive delithiated cathode surface at high potentials are suggested as the main reason for the failure of cells cycled above 4.2 V. It should be possible to further improve the performance of NMC811 at high potentials by modifying the cathode surface and/or identifying and using electrolyte blends which reduce parasitic reactions. High energy density lithium ion batteries (LIBs) that are cheaper, safer, and with longer lifetimes need to be developed in order to meet the increasing demand for applications such as electric vehicles and large scale stationary energy storage. The energy density of LIBs can be increased by increasing the specific capacity and average potential of the cells. The calendar and cycle lifetimes of cells are affected by the structural stability of the active electrode materials as well as the parasitic reactions that occur in lithium ion batteries. The degree of lithium utilization of LiCoO 2 is limited to ∼70% in order avoid the O3 -H1-3 -O1 phase transformation when charged above 4.45 V.1 Parasitic reactions such as electrolyte oxidation at the cathode-electrolyte interface can ultimately cause cell failure.2-5 The rate of the parasitic reactions is related to both the catalytic role of the cathode surface which depends on its composition and surface area, 3,6 as well as on the stability of the electrolyte.2-5 Methods such as the use of electrolyte additives 7-11 and core-shell positive electrode materials [12][13][14] have been developed and studied to reduce the rate and extent of parasitic reactions, and hence increase capacity retention and lifetime of high-voltage Li-ion cells. The layered lithium Ni-Mn-Co oxides Li 1+x (Ni y Mn z Co (1-y-z) ) 1...

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Effects of heat-treatment atmosphere on electrochemical performances of Ni-rich mixed-metal oxide (LiNi0.80Co0.15Mn0.05O2) as a cathode material for lithium ion battery

Cited by 78 publications

References 48 publications

Effect of Residual Lithium Rearrangement on Ni‐rich Layered Oxide Cathodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Effect of Residual Lithium Rearrangement on Ni‐rich Layered Oxide Cathodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Surface/Interface Structure Degradation of Ni‐Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes toward Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Fundamental Mechanisms and Remedying Strategies

Study of the Failure Mechanisms of LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

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Effects of heat-treatment atmosphere on electrochemical performances of Ni-rich mixed-metal oxide (LiNi0.80Co0.15Mn0.05O2) as a cathode material for lithium ion battery

Cited by 78 publications

References 48 publications

Effect of Residual Lithium Rearrangement on Ni‐rich Layered Oxide Cathodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Effect of Residual Lithium Rearrangement on Ni‐rich Layered Oxide Cathodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Surface/Interface Structure Degradation of Ni‐Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes toward Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Fundamental Mechanisms and Remedying Strategies

Study of the Failure Mechanisms of LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

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Study of the Failure Mechanisms of LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries