Effects of heat treatment on microstructure and microhardness of linear friction welded dissimilar Ti alloys

Chuanchen, Zhang; Zhang, Tiancang; Ya-juan, JI; Huang, Jihua

doi:10.1016/s1003-6326(13)62898-8

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It can be attributed to the strength of TA19 which is lower than that of TB2 under the same high temperature (Table 2). This kind of appearance is similar to those of the LFWed dissimilar TC4/TC17 joints where TC4 wraps TC17, as described in the study by Zhang et al [ 30 ]…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…However, an overall higher hardness could be observed on the TC11 side which was attributed to its overall higher alloying elements. Zhang et al [ 30 ] observed some intergrowth grains formed at the weldline of LFWed dissimilar TC4/TC17 titanium alloy joint, and considered that the intergrowth grains contributed to the sound weld. Tao et al [ 31 ] also conducted the LFW of TC4 and TC17 titanium alloys and found that there was big difference in width of each zone on both sides of the joint due to the difference in high‐temperature strength of these two titanium alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intergrowth Bonding Mechanism and Mechanical Property of Linear Friction Welded Dissimilar Near‐Alpha to Near‐Beta Titanium Alloy Joint

Guo

et al. 2021

Adv Eng Mater

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Linear friction welding (LFW) of dissimilar near‐alpha TA19 (Ti–6Al–2Mo–4Zr–2Sn) to near‐beta TB2 (Ti–5Mo–5V–8Cr–3Al) titanium alloys is conducted with two preset axial shortenings to further explore the bonding mechanism of LFW. The microstructure evolution of the joints is analyzed by using an optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, and transmission electron microscope. The tensile properties and Vickers hardness of the joints are tested. The results show that there are obvious differences in the macro‐ and microstructure characteristics on both TA19 and TB2 sides of the joint resulting from the different thermomechanical coupling effects, and different dynamic recovery/recrystallization behaviors due to their differences in high‐temperature strength, thermal conductivity, and alloying elements. It is found that for a sound joint (larger axial shortening), a large number of high‐angle grain boundaries are formed in the weld zone (WZ) on the TA19 side through continuous dynamic recrystallization, and a large number of low‐angle grain boundaries are obtained in the WZ on the TB2 side via dynamic recovery. The mutual migration of grain boundaries on both sides of the weldline leads to the formation of intergrowth grains, making the dissimilar TA19 to TB2 joint a reliable bonding.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intergrowth Bonding Mechanism and Mechanical Property of Linear Friction Welded Dissimilar Near‐Alpha to Near‐Beta Titanium Alloy Joint

Guo

et al. 2021

Adv Eng Mater

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“…LFW cannot only ensure high quality, but also reduce the cost compared to the conventional manufacture methods of the blade/disk produced by integrated operation [7]. As for the LFW process, several materials are considered, such as steels [6,8], intermetallics [9], superalloys [10], titanium alloys [2,[11][12][13][14] and so on. The temperatures and stress distributions during the LFW process have been researched in recent years because they can influence the evolution of material deformation and the behavior of metal flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite element modeling of the linear friction welding of GH4169 superalloy

Yang

et al. 2015

Materials & Design

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“…Previous studies on LFW of titanium alloy joints (similar and dissimilar) have also applied different microscopic techniques (e.g., optical, SEM) to link the microstructural transformation to the hardness evolution [ 10 , 11 , 15 , 22 , 26 , 27 , 40 , 48 , 49 , 50 ]. A particularly favored method for linear friction welds is the use of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) to map the orientation of the α-phase grains [ 13 , 18 , 23 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 51 , 52 ]; this method allows visual differentiation of the WC (with its recrystallized fine grain structure of α′ martensite) and the TMAZs (with their plastically deformed and elongated α-grain structure) from the bimodal BM microstructure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue Behavior of Linear Friction Welded Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo-0.1Si Dissimilar Welds

et al. 2021

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The use of joints fabricated from dissimilar titanium alloys allows the design of structures with local properties tailored to different service requirements. To develop welded structures for aerospace applications, particularly under critical loading, an understanding of the fatigue behavior is crucial, but remains limited, especially for solid-state technologies such as linear friction welding (LFW). This paper presents the fatigue behavior of dissimilar titanium alloys, Ti–6Al–4V (Ti64) and Ti–6Al–2Sn–4Zr–2Mo–0.1Si (Ti6242), joined by LFW with the aim of characterizing the stress versus number of cycles to failure (S-N) curves in both the low- and high-cycle fatigue regimes. Prior to fatigue testing, metallurgical characterization of the dissimilar alloy welds indicated softening in the heat-affected zone due to the retention of metastable β, and the typical practice of stress relief annealing (SRA) for alleviating the residual stresses was effective also in transforming the metastable β to equilibrated levels of α + β phases and recovering the hardness. Thus, the dissimilar alloy joints were fatigue-tested in the SRA (750 °C for 2 h) condition and their low- and high-cycle fatigue behaviors were compared to those of the Ti64 and Ti6242 base metals (BMs). The low-cycle fatigue (LCF) behavior of the dissimilar Ti6242–Ti64 linear friction welds was characterized by relatively high maximum stress values (~ 900 to 1100 MPa) and, in the high-cycle fatigue (HCF) regime, the fatigue limit of 450 MPa at 107 cycles was just slightly higher than that of the Ti6242 BM (434 MPa) and the Ti64 BM (445 MPa). Fatigue failure of the dissimilar titanium alloy welds in the low-cycle and high-cycle regimes occurred, respectively, on the Ti64 and Ti6242 sides, roughly 3 ± 1 mm away from the weld center, and the transitioning was reasoned based on the microstructural characteristics of the BMs.

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Effects of heat treatment on microstructure and microhardness of linear friction welded dissimilar Ti alloys

Cited by 23 publications

References 15 publications

Intergrowth Bonding Mechanism and Mechanical Property of Linear Friction Welded Dissimilar Near‐Alpha to Near‐Beta Titanium Alloy Joint

Intergrowth Bonding Mechanism and Mechanical Property of Linear Friction Welded Dissimilar Near‐Alpha to Near‐Beta Titanium Alloy Joint

Finite element modeling of the linear friction welding of GH4169 superalloy

Fatigue Behavior of Linear Friction Welded Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo-0.1Si Dissimilar Welds

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