Effects of Helicobacter suis γ- Glutamyl Transpeptidase on Lymphocytes: Modulation by Glutamine and Glutathione Supplementation and Outer Membrane Vesicles as a Putative Delivery Route of the Enzyme

Zhang, Guangzhi; Ducatelle, Richard; Pasmans, Frank; D’Herde, Katharina; Huang, Liping; Smet, Annemieke; Haesebrouck, Freddy; Flahou, Bram

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0077966

Cited by 32 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Glutamine is an important energetic and biosynthetic nutrient for proliferation, survival, and function of B cells (68, 79, 80). Notably, glutamine significantly increases IgA-positive plasma cells in the jejunal LP in rats with proximal colonic resection (81).…”

Section: Glutamine and Generation Of Intestinal Sigamentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutamine-Induced Secretion of Intestinal Secretory Immunoglobulin A: A Mechanistic Perspective

et al. 2016

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Secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) is one important line of defense in the intestinal mucosal surface to protect the intestinal epithelium from enteric toxins and pathogenic microorganisms. Multiple factors, such as intestinal microbiota, intestinal cytokines, and nutrients are highly involved in production of SIgA in the intestine. Recently, glutamine has been shown to affect intestinal SIgA production; however, the underlying mechanism by which glutamine stimulates secretion of intestinal SIgA is unknown. Here, we review current knowledge regarding glutamine in intestinal immunity and show that glutamine-enhanced secretion of SIgA in the intestine may involve intestinal microbiota, intestinal antigen sampling and presentation, induction pathways for SIgA production by plasma cells (both T-dependent and T-independent pathway), and even transport of SIgA. Altogether, the glutamine-intestinal SIgA axis has broad therapeutic implications for intestinal SIgA-associated diseases, such as celiac disease, allergies, and inflammatory bowel disease.

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Section: Glutamine and Generation Of Intestinal Sigamentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutamine-Induced Secretion of Intestinal Secretory Immunoglobulin A: A Mechanistic Perspective

et al. 2016

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“…In vitro data confirmed that H. suis causes apoptosis and necrosis of gastric epithelial cells, and indicated that the γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) virulence factor is involved in epithelial cell death [100] . H. suis GGT was also shown to inhibit T lymphocyte proliferation, and bacterial outer membrane vesicles were identified as a putative delivery route of GGT to the lymphocytes residing in the deeper mucosal layers [101] . Further experimental infections of BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice using 9 H. suis strains, showed that all H. suis isolates induced a predominant T-helper (Th)17 response, but only mild upregulation of the Th2 cytokine interleukin (IL)-4, and no upregulation of Th1 markers, including interferon (IFN)-γ [98] .…”

Section: Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helicobacter heilmannii sensu lato: An overview of the infection in humans

Bento-Miranda

Figueiredo

2014

WJG

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Helicobacter heilmannii sensu lato (H. heilmannii s.l.) is a group of gastric non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter species that are morphologically indistinguishable from each other. H. heilmannii s.l. infect the stomach of several animals and may have zoonotic potential. Although the prevalence of these infections in humans is low, they are associated with gastric pathology, including mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, making them a significant health issue. Here, the taxonomy, epidemiology, microbiology, diagnosis, and treatment of these infections will be reviewed. The gastric pathology associated with H. heilmannii s.l. infections in humans will also be addressed. Finally, the features of the complete bacterial genomes available and studies on species-specific pathogenesis will be reviewed. The understanding of the mechanisms that underlie gastric disease development mediated by the different bacterial species that constitute H. heilmannii s.l. is essential for developing strategies for prevention and treatment of these infections. Core tip: Helicobacter heilmannii sensu lato is a group of non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter species that infect the stomach of animals and humans. In the human stomach, these infections are associated with several pathologies, but it is currently unknown whether certain species are more often associated with a certain disease outcome than others. The access to bacterial genomes together with the availability of increasing numbers of in vitro isolates will allow significant advances in the understanding of species-specific bacteria-host interactions in disease pathogenesis and will be essential for future development of strategies to prevent and treat these infections.

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“…Now, secretion of GGT appears to also occur by other bacteria related with gastric diseases, e.g., Campylobacter jejunii [2] , and recent reports are adding intriguing observations. Zhang et al [3] have shown that GGT of H. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Helicobacter, gamma-glutamyltransferase and cancer: Further intriguing connections

Franzini¹,

Corti²,

Fierabracci³

et al. 2014

WJG

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Virulence of Helicobacter pylori , Helicobacter suis and other bacteria appears to be partly mediated through a release of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), an enzyme activity capable of promoting biochemical reactions ultimately resulting in damage to gastric epithelium and suppression of immune response. Recently published studies show that secretion of bacterial GGT occurs in the form of exosome-like vesicles. Very similar GGT-rich exosomes have been described to originate from human cancer cells, and the hypothesis is thus forwarded that in the resistant and invasive phenotype of malignant cells such vesicular/exosomal GGT may play roles akin to those described for Helicobacter infection, thus providing a significant contribution to the establishment of cancer metastases. TO THE EDITORThe recent Topic Highlight article by Ricci et al [1] is a thorough and comprehensive scrutiny of the mechanisms possibly underlying the recently reported implication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) as a virulence factor. The authors discuss howamong other effects-H. pylori GGT causes glutathione consumption and reactive oxygen species generation in the host cells, thus causing in turn cell-cycle arrest, apoptosis, and necrosis in gastric epithelial cells. Importantly, GGT also induces immune tolerance through the inhibition of T cell-mediated immunity and dendritic cell differentiation, overall favouring H. pylori persistence and gastric colonization [1] . Now, secretion of GGT appears to also occur by other bacteria related with gastric diseases, e.g., Campylobacter jejunii [2] , and recent reports are adding intriguing observations. Zhang et al [3] have shown that GGT of H.

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Effects of Helicobacter suis γ- Glutamyl Transpeptidase on Lymphocytes: Modulation by Glutamine and Glutathione Supplementation and Outer Membrane Vesicles as a Putative Delivery Route of the Enzyme

Cited by 32 publications

References 73 publications

Glutamine-Induced Secretion of Intestinal Secretory Immunoglobulin A: A Mechanistic Perspective

Glutamine-Induced Secretion of Intestinal Secretory Immunoglobulin A: A Mechanistic Perspective

Helicobacter heilmannii sensu lato: An overview of the infection in humans

Helicobacter, gamma-glutamyltransferase and cancer: Further intriguing connections

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