Effects of Heroin Addiction on Thyrotrophin, Thyroid Hormones and Prolactin Secretion in Men

Chan, Vivian; Wang, Christina; Yeung, Raymond W.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1979.tb02115.x

Cited by 37 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Another study has also shown that 15% of patients develop GH deficiency [2]. On the other hand, opioids do not seem to affect thyroid function [9, 33]. The present case has no abnormal adrenal, GH, and thyroid functions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

“…Therefore, patients with opioid-induced hypogonadism have low serum testosterone/estradiol with normal or low serum LH/FSH levels as shown in the present case. Some studies evaluating the effect of opioid on the endocrine system in humans have shown that they have high serum prolactin levels leading to inhibit the secretion of GnRH [9, 33, 34]. However, most of the opioid treatment has no effect on serum prolactin levels as shown in the present case [2, 33, 35, 36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Some studies evaluating the effect of opioid on the endocrine system in humans have shown that they have high serum prolactin levels leading to inhibit the secretion of GnRH [9, 33, 34]. However, most of the opioid treatment has no effect on serum prolactin levels as shown in the present case [2, 33, 35, 36]. Furthermore, opioids have also been shown to decrease adrenal androgen, an important precursor of both testosterone in men and estradiol in women [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Case of Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism Caused by Opioid Treatment for Nonmalignant Chronic Pain

Tabuchi

Yasuda

Kaneto

et al. 2012

Case Reports in Medicine

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We report a case of 42-year-old male patient with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. He suffered from general fatigue and erectile dysfunction after the treatment with transdermal fentanyl for chronic pain by traffic injury. Endocrine examinations and hormone stimulating tests showed that he had hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed no abnormal findings, and he had no past history of accounting for acquired hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Therefore, his hypogonadism was diagnosed to be caused by opioid treatment. Although opioid-induced endocrine dysfunctions are not widely recognized, this case suggests that we should consider the possibility of endocrine dysfunctions in patients with opioid treatment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Case of Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism Caused by Opioid Treatment for Nonmalignant Chronic Pain

Tabuchi

Yasuda

Kaneto

et al. 2012

Case Reports in Medicine

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“…Despite the prevailing view that thyroid function is disrupted in heroin addicted patients, major controversies exist. Some early studies showed that both T3 and T3 levels were increased in heroin addicts [39]–[41]. Rasheed et al observed a modest gain in T3, with no alterations in either TSH or T4 [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Proteomic Analysis Reveals High Frequency of Haptoglobin Deficiency and Elevated Thyroxine Level in Heroin Addicts

et al. 2014

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Heroin addiction is a chronic, complex disease, often accompanied by other concomitant disorders, which may encumber effective prevention and treatment. To explore the differences in expression profiles of serum proteins in control and heroin addicts, we used two-dimensional electrophoresis coupled to MALDI-TOF/TOF, and identified 4 proteins of interest. Following validation of the increase in serum transthyretin, we assessed serum levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4), and observed a robust increase in T4 in heroin addicts compared to controls. In addition, we performed haptoglobin (Hp) phenotyping, and showed that the frequency of Hp0 (serum devoid of haptoglobin) was significantly higher in heroin addicts. Altogether, these findings indicated that: (1) thyroid hormone imbalance is present in heroin addicts; (2) anhaptoglobinemia (Hp0) might a risk factor or a deleterious effect of heroin abuse.

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“…63,64 Longterm methadone users have normal basal PRL levels that show a transient increase beginning 2 to 4 hours after each daily dose. 63,64 Longterm methadone users have normal basal PRL levels that show a transient increase beginning 2 to 4 hours after each daily dose.…”

Section: Opiates and Cocainementioning

confidence: 99%

Medication-Induced Hyperprolactinemia

Molitch¹

2005

Mayo Clinic Proceedings

216

117

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Medication use is a common cause of hyperprolactinemia, and it is important to differentiate this cause from pathologic causes, such as prolactinomas. To ascertain the frequency of this clinical problem and to develop treatment guidelines, the medical literature was searched by using PubMed and the reference lists of other articles dealing with hyperprolactinemia due to specific types of medications. The medications that most commonly cause hyperprolactinemia are antipsychotic agents; however, some newer atypical antipsychotics do not cause this condition. Other classes of medications that cause hyperprolactinemia include antidepressants, antihypertensive agents, and drugs that increase bowel motility. Hyperprolactinemia caused by medications is commonly symptomatic, causing galactorrhea, menstrual disturbance, and impotence. It is Important to ensure that hyperprolactinemia in an Individual patient is due to medication and not to a structural lesion in the hypothalamic/pituitary area; this can be accomplished by (1) stopping the medication temporarily to determine whether prolactin levels return to normal, (2) switching to a medication that does not cause hyperprolactinemia (in consultation with the patient's psychiatrist for psychoactive medications), or (3) performing magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography of the hypothalamic/pituitary area. If the patient's hyperprolactinemia is symptomatic, treatment strategies include switching to an alternative medication that does not cause hyperprolactinemia, using estrogen or testosterone replacement, or, rarely, cautiously adding a dopamine agonist.

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Effects of Heroin Addiction on Thyrotrophin, Thyroid Hormones and Prolactin Secretion in Men

Cited by 37 publications

References 24 publications

A Case of Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism Caused by Opioid Treatment for Nonmalignant Chronic Pain

A Case of Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism Caused by Opioid Treatment for Nonmalignant Chronic Pain

Serum Proteomic Analysis Reveals High Frequency of Haptoglobin Deficiency and Elevated Thyroxine Level in Heroin Addicts

Medication-Induced Hyperprolactinemia

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