Effects of High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise Training on Appetite Regulation

ObjectivesTo compare the effects of interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training (MOD) on body adiposity in humans, and to perform subgroup analyses that consider the type and duration of interval training in different groups.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesEnglish-language, Spanish-language and Portuguese-language searches of the electronic databases PubMed and Scopus were conducted from inception to 11 December 2017.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesStudies that met the following criteria were included: (1) original articles, (2) human trials, (3) minimum exercise training duration of 4 weeks, and (4) directly or indirectly compared interval training with MOD as the primary or secondary aim.ResultsOf the 786 studies found, 41 and 36 were included in the qualitative analysis and meta-analysis, respectively. Within-group analyses showed significant reductions in total body fat percentage (%) (interval training: −1.50 [95% CI −2.14 to −0.86, p<0.00001] and MOD: −1.44 [95% CI −2.00 to −0.89, p<0.00001]) and in total absolute fat mass (kg) (interval training: −1.58 [95% CI −2.74 to −0.43, p=0.007] and MOD: −1.13 [95% CI −2.18 to −0.08, p=0.04]), with no significant differences between interval training and MOD for total body fat percentage reduction (−0.23 [95% CI −1.43 to 0.97], p=0.705). However, there was a significant difference between the groups in total absolute fat mass (kg) reduction (−2.28 [95% CI −4.00 to −0.56], p=0.0094). Subgroup analyses comparing sprint interval training (SIT) with MOD protocols favour SIT for loss of total absolute fat mass (kg) (−3.22 [95% CI −5.71 to −0.73], p=0.01). Supervised training, walking/running/jogging, age (<30 years), study quality and intervention duration (<12 weeks) favourably influence the decreases in total absolute fat mass (kg) observed from interval training programmes; however, no significant effect was found on total body fat percentage (%). No effect of sex or body mass index was observed on total absolute fat mass (kg) or total body fat percentage (%).ConclusionInterval training and MOD both reduce body fat percentage (%). Interval training provided 28.5% greater reductions in total absolute fat mass (kg) than MOD.Trial registration numberCRD42018089427.

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“…The intensity of effort in most SIT protocols (n=13) was prescribed by ‘all-out’ efforts,24 60–62 69 71 72 74 83 84 88 89 91 percentage of i

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O 2 peak,80 percentage of maximal power output75 and percentage of anaerobic power 79…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is interval training the magic bullet for fat loss? A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing moderate-intensity continuous training with high-intensity interval training (HIIT)

Viana¹,

Naves²,

Coswig³

et al. 2019

Br J Sports Med

110

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“…Another possible confounding factor might have been the compensatory eating responses to exercise protocols that were not accounted for during the intervention, with possible implications on glycaemic control. There is a lack of consensus in the literature regarding the impact of HIIT on appetite regulation, with some studies suggesting a beneficial impact, while others showed no impact …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,13,16,27,28 Another possible confounding factor might have been the compensatory eating responses to exercise protocols that were not accounted for during the intervention, with possible implications on glycaemic control. There is a lack of consensus in the literature regarding the impact of HIIT on appetite regulation, with some studies suggesting a beneficial impact, 30 while others showed no impact. 31 When addressing the issue of which type of exercise led to greater improvements in glycaemic control (HIIT vs MCT), there is no experimental evidence to support that HIIT led to superior results in individuals with type 2 diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of high‐intensity interval training combined with resistance training versus continuous moderate‐intensity training combined with resistance training in patients with type 2 diabetes: A one‐year randomized controlled trial

Magalhães

Júdice

Ribeiro

et al. 2018

Diabetes Obesity Metabolism

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Aims To evaluate the impact of one‐year high intensity interval training (HIIT) combined with resistance training (RT) vs continuous moderate intensity training (MCT) combined with RT on glycaemic control, body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in patients with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods A randomized controlled trial included 96 participants with type 2 diabetes for a one‐year supervised exercise intervention with three groups: Control, HIIT with RT and MCT with RT). The control group received standard counseling regarding general PA guidelines, with no structured exercise sessions. The main outcome variable was HbA1c (%). Secondary outcomes were other glycaemic variables, body composition, anthropometry measurements, CRF and enjoyment of exercise. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to model outcomes. Results Among the 96 participants enrolled in the intervention, 80 were randomized, with a mean (SD) age of 58.5 years (7.7) and a mean HbA1c of 7.2% (1.6). After adjusting the model for sex and total moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA), we found that both the MCT with RT (β, 0.003; P, 0.921) and the HIIT with RT (β, 0.025; P, 0.385) groups had no effect on HbA1c. A favourable effect was observed in the MCT with RT group, with a reduction in whole body fat index (β, −0.062; P, 0.022), android fat index (β, −0.010; P, 0.010) and gynoid fat index (β, −0.013; P, 0.014). Additionally, CRF increased during the intervention, but only in the MCT with RT group (β, 0.185; P, 0.019). Conclusions The results from this study suggest that there was no effect of either MCT with RT or HIIT with RT on glycaemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes. However, the combination of MCT and RT improved body composition and CRF following a one‐year intervention.

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“…For example, Sim and colleagues 55 examined the impact of a HIFT-based program on appetite regulation in 30 overweight, inactive men. Participants were randomized to either 12 weeks of high intensity intermittent exercise consistent with HIFT or moderate intensity continuous training (MICT).…”

Section: Health Body Composition and Fitness Benefits Of Hift Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Benefits of High-Intensity Functional Training Fitness Programs for Military Personnel

et al. 2016

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High intensity functional training (HIFT) programs are designed to address multiple fitness domains, potentially providing improved physical and mental readiness in a changing operational environment. Programs consistent with HIFT principals such as CrossFit, SEALFIT and the US Marine Corps’ High Intensity Tactical Training (HITT) program are increasingly popular among military personnel. This article reviews the practical, health, body composition, and military fitness implications of HIFT exercise programs. We conclude that, given the unique benefits of HIFT, the military should consider evaluating whether these programs should be the standard for military fitness training.

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Effects of High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise Training on Appetite Regulation

Abstract: HIIT seems to benefit appetite regulation in overweight men. The mechanisms for this remain to be elucidated.

Cited by 62 publications

References 30 publications

Is interval training the magic bullet for fat loss? A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing moderate-intensity continuous training with high-intensity interval training (HIIT)

Is interval training the magic bullet for fat loss? A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing moderate-intensity continuous training with high-intensity interval training (HIIT)

Effectiveness of high‐intensity interval training combined with resistance training versus continuous moderate‐intensity training combined with resistance training in patients with type 2 diabetes: A one‐year randomized controlled trial

The Benefits of High-Intensity Functional Training Fitness Programs for Military Personnel

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