Effects of High Intensity Resistance Training on Arterial Stiffness and Wave Reflection in Women

Cortez‐Cooper, Miriam; DeVan, Allison E.; Antón, María M.; Farrar, Roger P.; Beckwith, Kimberly A.; Todd, Janice S.; Tanaka, Hirofumi

doi:10.1016/j.amjhyper.2005.01.008

Cited by 180 publications

(203 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Possibly, one exercise set to muscular failure may be too strenuous an intensity for reducing BP. 33 The reductions in BP found in the present study are clinically relevant, as a significant reduction in SBP of 3 mm Hg for normotensives has been shown to reduce cardiac morbidity by greater than 5%, stroke by 8-14% and all-cause mortality by 4%. 34 Thus, our data demonstrate that moderateintensity RE can be used in lieu of AE in a prehypertensive population to lower BP, and this is accomplished without weight loss.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Effect of 4 weeks of aerobic or resistance exercise training on arterial stiffness, blood flow and blood pressure in pre- and stage-1 hypertensives

et al. 2008

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The benefits of aerobic exercise (AE) training on blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness are well established, but the effects of resistance training are less well delineated. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of resistance vs aerobic training on haemodynamics and arterial stiffness. Thirty pre-or stage-1 essential hypertensives (20 men and 10 women), not on any medications, were recruited (age: 48.2 ± 1.3 years) and randomly assigned to 4 weeks of either resistance (RE) or AE training. Before and after training, BP, arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity (PWV)) and vasodilatory capacity (VC) were measured. Resting systolic BP (SBP) decreased following both training modes (SBP: RE, pre 136±2.9 vs post 132±3.4; AE, pre 141±3.8 vs post 136 ± 3.4 mm Hg, P ¼ 0.005; diastolic BP: RE, pre 78 ± 1.3 vs post 74 ± 1.6; AE, pre 80 ± 1.6 vs post 77 ± 1.7 mm Hg, P ¼ 0.001). Central PWV increased (P ¼ 0.0001) following RE (11 ± 0.9-12.7 ± 0.9 m s À1 ) but decreased after AE (12.1 ± 0.8-11.1 ± 0.8 m s À1 ). Peripheral PWV also increased (P ¼ 0.013) following RE (RE, pre 11.5±0.8 vs post 12.5 ± 0.7 m s À1 ) and decreased after AE (AE, pre 12.6 ± 0.8 vs post 11.6 ± 0.7 m s À1 ). The VC area under the curve (VC AUC ) increased more with RE than that with AE (RE, pre 76±8.0 vs post 131.1±11.6; AE, pre 82.7±8.0 vs post 110.1 ± 11.6 ml per min per s per 100 ml, P ¼ 0.001). Further, peak VC (VC peak ) increased more following resistance training compared to aerobic training (RE, pre 17±1.9 vs post 25.8±2.1; AE, pre 19.2±8.4 vs post 22.9 ± 8.4 ml per min per s per 100 ml, P ¼ 0.005). Although both RE and AE training decreased BP, the change in pressure may be due to different mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Effect of 4 weeks of aerobic or resistance exercise training on arterial stiffness, blood flow and blood pressure in pre- and stage-1 hypertensives

et al. 2008

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“…24 However, high-intensity resistance training increased arterial stiffness. [10][11][12] On the basis of these results, resistance training may have to be prescribed carefully. The results of this study indicated that CRT increases arterial stiffness, whereas ERT suppresses arterial stiffness increases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, high-intensity resistance training reduces arterial compliance and increases arterial stiffness. [10][11][12] Muscle contractions during resistance training are performed by eccentric (ECC, lowering phase), concentric (CON, lifting phase) or isometric muscle contractions. Because ECC and CON are contraction modes accompanied by joint movement, they are widely used in typical resistance training.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of muscle contraction timing during resistance training on vascular function

2008

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Muscle contractions in normal resistance training are performed by eccentric (ECC, lowering phase) and concentric (CON, lifting phase) muscle contractions. However, the difference in effects of timing of muscle contraction during resistance training on arterial stiffness is unknown. This study investigated the effect of muscle contraction timing during resistance training on vascular function in healthy young adults. Thirty healthy men were randomly assigned to group of resistance training with quick lifting and slow lowering (ERT, n ¼ 10), group of resistance training with slow lifting and quick lowering (CRT, n ¼ 10) and sedentary groups (SED, n ¼ 10). The ERT and CRT groups underwent two supervised resistance-training sessions per week for 10 weeks. The ERT group performed the on set of 8-10 repetitions with 3 s ECC and 1 s CON muscle contractions. In contrast, the CRT group performed the on set of 8-10 repetitions with 1 s ECC and 3 s CON muscle contractions. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) after ERT did not change from baseline. In contrast, baPWV after CRT increased from baseline (from 1049 ± 37 to 1153±30 cm s À1 , Po0.05). No significant changes in flow-mediated dilation were observed in the ERT and CRT groups. These values did not change in the SED group. These findings suggest that although both training does not deteriorate a vascular endothelial function, resistance training with quick lifting and slow lowering (that is, ERT) prevent the stiffening of arterial stiffness.

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“…The effects of RET on AIx appear to be mixed. 9,10,[20][21][22][23] Cortez-Cooper et al 22 reported a significant increase in resting AIx after 11 weeks of high-intensity RET in young healthy women. In contrast, previous studies have shown no changes in resting AIx after RET, in young 10,20 and old, 21,23 men and women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of resistance exercise training on resting and post-exercise forearm blood flow and wave reflection in overweight and obese women

Kingsley

Figueroa

2011

J Hum Hypertens

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The vascular responses to acute resistance exercise and resistance exercise training (RET) in overweight women are unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the vasodilatory and wave reflection responses to acute resistance exercise before and after RET. In all, 24 overweight/obese (28.5 ± 0.6 kg m À2 ) women (44 ± 1 years of age) volunteered for this study. Forearm blood flow (FBF), vasodilatory capacity in response to reactive hyperemia (peak FBF) and wave reflection (radial tonometry) were measured, before and 15 min after five sets of leg press at 10-repetition maximum (RM). Measures of pulse wave reflection included the augmentation index (AIx) and the time of the reflected wave (Tr). Measurements were collected at baseline, after a 4-week control period (before RET) and after 12 weeks of whole-body RET using three sets of five exercises at 50-60% of 1-RM. There were no differences in vascular measurements at baseline or before RET for any variable. Resting FBF (66.7%) and peak FBF (51.6%) increased significantly (Po0.05) after RET compared with before RET. Postexercise FBF (48.9%) and peak FBF (41.1%) also increased significantly (Po0.05) after RET compared with before RET. Post-exercise AIx decreased significantly (Po0.05), whereas Tr increased significantly (Po0.05) compared with rest at all time points. However, AIx and Tr were unaltered by RET. The 12-week wholebody RET increased the resting and post-exercise FBF as well as vasodilatory capacity without changing wave reflection in premenopausal overweight women. RET may be an important non-pharmacological therapy for reducing cardiovascular risk in overweight and obese premenopausal women.

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Effects of High Intensity Resistance Training on Arterial Stiffness and Wave Reflection in Women

Cited by 180 publications

References 13 publications

Effect of 4 weeks of aerobic or resistance exercise training on arterial stiffness, blood flow and blood pressure in pre- and stage-1 hypertensives

Effect of 4 weeks of aerobic or resistance exercise training on arterial stiffness, blood flow and blood pressure in pre- and stage-1 hypertensives

Effects of muscle contraction timing during resistance training on vascular function

Effects of resistance exercise training on resting and post-exercise forearm blood flow and wave reflection in overweight and obese women

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