Effects of high temperature on rice grain development and quality formation based on proteomics comparative analysis under field warming

Abstract

With the intensification of global warming, rice production is facing new challenges. Field evidence indicates increased temperature during rice grain-filling lead to a further deterioration of grain quality. Clarifying the potential regulation mechanism of elevated temperature on rice development and quality formation will be contributed to develop suitable cultivation measures to better cope with climate warming in the future. In this study, open field warming and DIA mass spectrometry were conducted to explore the regulatory effects of high temperature on pathways related to grain development and material accumulation during the formation of rice quality. 840 differentially expressed proteins (fold change > 2, p-value < 0.05) were identified when exposed to high temperature. Among these, prolamin PPROL 14E, PSB28, granule-bound starch synthase 1 and 26.7 kDa heat shock protein were the most significantly regulated, and that ultimately affected the main substances accumulation of starch and protein in the kernel, and further degraded rice quality under high temperature. In addition, the results provided novel targets involved in regulating the metabolism of storage compounds under warming environment, and that will help us to better understand the regulation mechanism of global warming on the formation of rice quality.Effects of high temperature on rice grain development and quality formation based on proteomics comparative analysis under field warming

Effects of High Temperature on Crops

“…High temperature causes declining yields in major food crops, which is a major concern for depreciating agricultural productivity [2,3]. Temperature is classified as minimum, optimum and maximum, and it has been predicted that the temperature will rise 2-5°C in the future climate in 2100 (IPCC, 2014) [4][5][6]. Agnolucci et al [7] have demonstrated the significance and impact of climate change with different statistical patterns in 18 crops that contribute 70% of the land and 65% of calorific value.…”

“…However, crop productivity must be increased as the population is projected to reach 11 billion in 2100 (UN Population Division report) [12] and about a 70% increase in global agricultural productivity is essential; increase in 2°C or increase in the average temperature could lead to 20-40% reductions in cereal grain output, notably in Asia and Africa [13]. The increasing global warming provokes the weather pattern, leading to an increase in global temperature by 2.0-3.5°C in all regions as reported in the fifth assessment report (AR5) by the Intergovernmental Panel of Climatic Change (IPCC, 2018) it will reach 2.5-5.8°C before the 2100 s [6,14]. High temperature during grain-filling has a significant effect on sunflower seeds and oil constituents [15].…”