Effects of homogeneous and inhomogeneous static magnetic fields combined with gamma radiation on DNA and DNA repair

Kubinyi, Györgyi; Zeitler, Zsuzsanna; Thuróczy, György; Juhász, Péter; Bakos, J. S.; Sinay, Hanna; László, J.

doi:10.1002/bem.20577

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, there was no difference in MN frequency between SMF-exposed and unexposed samples when we checked the effect of SMF in itself by switching off the MRI pulse sequences. Based on a few in vitro and in vivo studies, it was reported that a combination of SMF exposure with chemicals or radiation was shown to induce DNA single-strand breaks, MN formation, and CA, although exposure to a SMF alone did not affect DNA damage [Nakahara et al, 2002;Miyakoshi, 2005;Suzuki et al, 2006;Kimura et al, 2008;Kubinyi et al, 2010]. In this study, we cannot exclude that the SMF component of the MRI was responsible for the enhanced effects on DNA and chromosomal damage.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

Genotoxic effects of 3 T magnetic resonance imaging in cultured human lymphocytes

Lee

Kim

et al. 2011

Bioelectromagnetics

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The clinical and preclinical use of high-field intensity (HF, 3 T and above) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners have significantly increased in the past few years. However, potential health risks are implied in the MRI and especially HF MRI environment due to high-static magnetic fields, fast gradient magnetic fields, and strong radiofrequency electromagnetic fields. In this study, the genotoxic potential of 3 T clinical MRI scans in cultured human lymphocytes in vitro was investigated by analyzing chromosome aberrations (CA), micronuclei (MN), and single-cell gel electrophoresis. Human lymphocytes were exposed to electromagnetic fields generated during MRI scanning (clinical routine brain examination protocols: three-channel head coil) for 22, 45, 67, and 89 min. We observed a significant increase in the frequency of single-strand DNA breaks following exposure to a 3 T MRI. In addition, the frequency of both CAs and MN in exposed cells increased in a time-dependent manner. The frequencies of MN in lymphocytes exposed to complex electromagnetic fields for 0, 22, 45, 67, and 89 min were 9.67, 11.67, 14.67, 18.00, and 20.33 per 1000 cells, respectively. Similarly, the frequencies of CAs in lymphocytes exposed for 0, 45, 67, and 89 min were 1.33, 2.33, 3.67, and 4.67 per 200 cells, respectively. These results suggest that exposure to 3 T MRI induces genotoxic effects in human lymphocytes.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

Genotoxic effects of 3 T magnetic resonance imaging in cultured human lymphocytes

Lee

Kim

et al. 2011

Bioelectromagnetics

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“…In very recent literature, great attention has been devoted to study the effects on selected cellular endpoints related to cancer development, in different cell models. Gene expression and genotoxicity 15 16 17 18 19 20 , oxidative stress 21 22 23 24 , cell growth, differentiation and viability 16 22 25 26 27 28 29 have been investigated. In a consistent portion of the available studies, SMF exposure induced effects in the cellular endpoints that, in some cases, were transient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of effects on key cellular parameters of MRC-5 human lung fibroblasts exposed to 370 mT static magnetic field

Romeo¹,

Sannino²,

Scarfì³

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The last decades have seen increased interest toward possible adverse effects arising from exposure to intense static magnetic fields. This concern is mainly due to the wider and wider applications of such fields in industry and clinical practice; among them, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) facilities are the main sources of exposure to static magnetic fields for both general public (patients) and workers. In recent investigations, exposures to static magnetic fields have been demonstrated to elicit, in different cell models, both permanent and transient modifications in cellular endpoints critical for the carcinogenesis process. The World Health Organization has therefore recommended in vitro investigations as important research need, to be carried out under strictly controlled exposure conditions. Here we report on the absence of effects on cell viability, reactive oxygen species levels and DNA integrity in MRC-5 human foetal lung fibroblasts exposed to 370 mT magnetic induction level, under different exposure regimens. Exposures have been performed by using an experimental apparatus designed and realized for operating with the static magnetic field generated by permanent magnets, and confined in a magnetic circuit, to allow cell cultures exposure in absence of confounding factors like heating or electric field components.

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“…A recent study has also revealed a ‘beneficial’ effect of an homogeneous SMF on the repair of radiation-damaged DNA in leukocytes, though only after 4 h of recovery [38]. What explanation may be provided for our results showing that SMFs attenuate the level of DNA fragmentation and reduce the two comet parameters?…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Static magnetic fields modulate X-ray-induced DNA damage in human glioblastoma primary cells

Teodori

Giovanetti

Albertini

et al. 2013

Journal of Radiation Research

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Although static magnetic fields (SMFs) are used extensively in the occupational and medical fields, few comprehensive studies have investigated their possible genotoxic effect and the findings are controversial. With the advent of magnetic resonance imaging-guided radiation therapy, the potential effects of SMFs on ionizing radiation (IR) have become increasingly important. In this study we focused on the genotoxic effect of 80 mT SMFs, both alone and in combination with (i.e. preceding or following) X-ray (XR) irradiation, on primary glioblastoma cells in culture. The cells were exposed to: (i) SMFs alone; (ii) XRs alone; (iii) XR, with SMFs applied during recovery; (iv) SMFs both before and after XR irradiation. XR-induced DNA damage was analyzed by Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis assay (comet assay) using statistical tools designed to assess the tail DNA (TD) and tail length (TL) as indicators of DNA fragmentation. Mitochondrial membrane potential, known to be affected by IR, was assessed using the JC-1 mitochondrial probe. Our results showed that exposure of cells to 5 Gy of XR irradiation alone led to extensive DNA damage, which was significantly reduced by post-irradiation exposure to SMFs. The XR-induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential was to a large extent averted by exposure to SMFs. These data suggest that SMFs modulate DNA damage and/or damage repair, possibly through a mechanism that affects mitochondria.

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Effects of homogeneous and inhomogeneous static magnetic fields combined with gamma radiation on DNA and DNA repair

Cited by 17 publications

References 16 publications

Genotoxic effects of 3 T magnetic resonance imaging in cultured human lymphocytes

Genotoxic effects of 3 T magnetic resonance imaging in cultured human lymphocytes

Lack of effects on key cellular parameters of MRC-5 human lung fibroblasts exposed to 370 mT static magnetic field

Static magnetic fields modulate X-ray-induced DNA damage in human glioblastoma primary cells

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