Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Insulin Resistance in Postmenopausal Diabetic Women

Bitoska, Iskra; Krstevska, Brankica; Milenkovic, Tatjana; Subeska-Stratrova, Slavica; Petrovski, Goran; Mishevska, Sasha Jovanovska; Ahmeti, Irfan; Todorova, Biljana

doi:10.3889/oamjms.2016.024

Cited by 40 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Furthermore, there are conflicting reports about the effects of hormone replacement therapy on insulin sensitivity. For instance, estrogen replacement therapy has been reported to have no effect on insulin sensitivity in post-menopausal women [29, 30], but it increased insulin sensitivity when administered in post-menopausal women with diabetes [31]. In addition, the association of sex hormones (testosterone and estrogen) with insulin resistance differs depending on the estrogen status [32].…”

Section: Testosterone and Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Mechanisms Linking Type 2 Diabetes and Alzheimer’s Disease: Testosterone as a Modifier

Asih

Tegg

Sohrabi

et al. 2017

JAD

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Evidence in support of links between type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) has increased considerably in recent years. AD pathological hallmarks include the accumulation of extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) and intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau in the brain, which are hypothesized to promote inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal loss. T2DM exhibits many AD pathological features, including reduced brain insulin uptake, lipid dysregulation, inflammation, oxidative stress, and depression; T2DM has also been shown to increase AD risk, and with increasing age, the prevalence of both conditions increases. In addition, amylin deposition in the pancreas is more common in AD than in normal aging, and although there is no significant increase in cerebral Aβ deposition in T2DM, the extent of Aβ accumulation in AD correlates with T2DM duration. Given these similarities and correlations, there may be common underlying mechanism(s) that predispose to both T2DM and AD. In other studies, an age-related gradual loss of testosterone and an increase in testosterone resistance has been shown in men; low testosterone levels can also occur in women. In this review, we focus on the evidence for low testosterone levels contributing to an increased risk of T2DM and AD, and the potential of testosterone treatment in reducing this risk in both men and women. However, such testosterone treatment may need to be long-term, and would need regular monitoring to maintain testosterone at physiological levels. It is possible that a combination of testosterone therapy together with a healthy lifestyle approach, including improved diet and exercise, may significantly reduce AD risk.

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Section: Testosterone and Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Mechanisms Linking Type 2 Diabetes and Alzheimer’s Disease: Testosterone as a Modifier

Asih

Tegg

Sohrabi

et al. 2017

JAD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The effect of HRT on glucose homeostasis remains questionable [158]. A systematic review which included 16 trials with 17,971 postmenopausal women with type 2 DM demonstrated that estrogen replacement diminishes DM incidence and improves glycemic control [169], but there is no consensus yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of menopause and diabetes on atherogenic lipid profile: is it worth to analyse lipoprotein subfractions to assess cardiovascular risk in women?

Fonseca

Silva

Ferreira

2017

Diabetol Metab Syndr

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Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in women at advanced age, who are affected a decade later compared to men. Cardiovascular risk factors in women are not properly investigated nor treated and events are frequently lethal. Both menopause and type 2 diabetes substantially increase cardiovascular risk in the female sex, promoting modifications on lipid metabolism and circulating lipoproteins. Lipoprotein subfractions suffer a shift after menopause towards a more atherogenic lipid profile, consisted of hypertriglyceridemia, lower levels of both total high density lipoprotein (HDL) and its subfraction HDL2, but also higher levels of HDL3 and small low-density lipoprotein particles. This review discusses the impact of diabetes and menopause to the lipid profile, challenges in lipoprotein subfractions determination and their potential contribution to the cardiovascular risk assessment in women. It is still unclear whether lipoprotein subfraction changes are a major driver of cardiometabolic risk and which modifications are predominant. Prospective trials with larger samples, methodological standardizations and pharmacological approaches are needed to clarify the role of lipoprotein subfractions determination on cardiovascular risk prediction and intervention planning in postmenopausal women, with or without DM.

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“…20 Sejalan dengan studi intervensi bahwa pemberian Hormon Replacement Therapy (HRT) pada wanita postmenopause dapat memperbaiki sensitivitas insulin. 21 Selain itu, estrogen dapat menstimulasi proliferasi sel β sehingga meningkatkan sintesis insulin dan memiliki efek insulinotropik yang dapat merangsang pelepasa insulin postpandrial. 22 Asupan vitamin D menunjukkan tidak terdapatnya hubungan signifikan dengan kadar glukosa darah puasa sejalan dengan penelitian kohort yang dilakukan di Jepang.…”

Section: Hasil Karakteristik Subjekunclassified

Hubungan Asupan Vitamin D Dan Kalsium Dengan Kadar Glukosa Darah Puasa Wanita Obesitas Usia 45-55 Tahun

2017

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Background : Vitamin D and calcium have metabolic functions in the cells and insufficient intake has been proven to increase the risk factor for many chronic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus. Vitamin D and calcium both contribute in raising insulin secretion by regulating extracelullar calcium concentration and fluxing through cell membranes facilitated by calcium-sensing receptor. This study aimed to determine correlation between vitamin D and calcium intake with blood glucose levels in obese woman aged 45-55 years.Methods : Observational study with cross sectional design. Sixty subjects were selected using consecutive sampling. Food intakes were assessed by Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire, fasting blood glucose levels were measured by Glucose Oxidation method, and physical activities were determined by Long International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using r Pearson and Rank-Spearman test. Results : Mean of fasting blood glucose levels was 90,4±37,22 mg/dL with average vitamin D was 4,1 ±2,23 μg, whereas calcium was 547,7±316,24 mg. All subjects had low vitamin D intake; 88,3% subjects had low calcium intake; 88,3% subjects had normal fasting blood glucose; and 11,7% subjects had hyperglycemia. There was no correlation between vitamin D (p = 0,295) and calcium (p = 0,295) intake with fasting blood glucose levels. Intake of energy, carbohydrate, fat, protein, fiber and physical activity also showed no corerelation with fasting blood glucose levels. Conclusion : There was no correlation of vitamin D and calcium intake with fasting blood glucose levels in obese woman aged 45-55 years.

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Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy on Insulin Resistance in Postmenopausal Diabetic Women

Cited by 40 publications

References 53 publications

Multiple Mechanisms Linking Type 2 Diabetes and Alzheimer’s Disease: Testosterone as a Modifier

Multiple Mechanisms Linking Type 2 Diabetes and Alzheimer’s Disease: Testosterone as a Modifier

Impact of menopause and diabetes on atherogenic lipid profile: is it worth to analyse lipoprotein subfractions to assess cardiovascular risk in women?

Hubungan Asupan Vitamin D Dan Kalsium Dengan Kadar Glukosa Darah Puasa Wanita Obesitas Usia 45-55 Tahun

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