Effects of Humic Acids on Recovery of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis

Abstract

Enteritidis, were carried out. In experiment 2, one-day old male broiler chickens were randomly allocate to one of two groups (n=25) with or without 0.2% of isolated HA from worm-composte, and challenged with 10 6 CFU of S. Enteritidis per chicken at 10-d old. All chicks were euthanized 24-h hours post challenge, and were for serum fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d) determination. A section of ileum was removed to obtain total concentration of IgA.Ceca-cecal tonsils were removed to evaluate Salmonella recovery, total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and total Gram negative bacteria. In experiment 1, neither concentration of commercial or natural HA were able to reduce the recovery of S. Enteritidis in any of the simulated compartments (P>0.05). Only the crop compartment showed significant differences in pH in both trials between control and treated groups. In experiment 2, no significant differences were

The effect of humic substances on gut microbiota and immune response of broilers

“…The addition of humic substances to the feed did not show an increase of IgA gene expression. Similarly, Maguey-Gonzalez et al (2018) observed that humic acids in a concentration of 0.1-0.2% did not influence the total concentration of mucosal IgA in the ileum after Salmonella Enteritidis infection in neonate broiler chickens. The opposite conclusion was drawn by Wang et al (2008), who found higher relative lymphocyte counts in pigs whose feed was supplemented with 10% HS.…”

Influence of Sodium Humate on the Growth Performance, Diarrhea Incidence, Blood Parameters, and Fecal Microflora of Pre-Weaned Dairy Calves

“…The intestinal barrier function is closely associated with diarrhea [ 23 ]. The beneficial effects of NaH on the intestinal integrity have been found in broilers, possibly through a decreased intestinal permeability and an increased intestinal viscosity [ 24 ]. Trckova et al (2017) [ 7 ] indicated that dietary supplementation with NaH reduced the incidence and duration of diarrhea among weaned piglets.…”

Effect of the Addition of Humic Substances as Growth Promoter in Broiler Chickens Under Two Feeding Regimens

“…Other important factors to consider are differences in the content of HA and FA, the inclusion level, and form (water or feed) and characteristics such as chain length, side-chain composition, and origin (plant, soil, peat, and coal-derived) of HS previously used in broilers [4,8,10]. It is probably that subtle differences in the composition exist between HS extracted from leonardite and lignites and those extracted from worm composts [4][5][6]. This topic also deserves further studies.…”

“…Farm animals are an essential component of this triad because they are exposed to growth promoter antibiotics (GPA) to improve animal health, welfare, and productivity, and act as reservoirs and vectors of resistance genes [1,3]. For this reason, several new additives have been tested as growth promoters to reduce or alternate the inclusion of GPA in feeds, while maintaining an efficient animal production to obtain safe edible products [4][5][6].…”

“…The main substances that make up the HS are the humic acids (HA), fulvic acids (FA), and humins, and hence, they are a complex mixture of aliphatic chains or aromatic rings with specific content of functional groups, but the concentration of these substances differs according to the raw materials that they originate from [8][9][10]. Leonardite and lignites, two non-renewable resources, are the primary commercial sources of HS, while compost and worm compost, especially those produced with animal manure, are two environmentally friendly sources of HS [4][5][6].…”