Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide on Corrosion of Stainless Steel, (V) Characterization of Oxide Film with Multilateral Surface Analyses

Miyazawa, Takahiro; Terachi, Takumi; Uchida, Shunsuke; Satoh, Tsuyoshi; Tsukada, Takashi; Satoh, Y.; Wada, Yoichi; Hosokawa, Hideyuki

doi:10.1080/18811248.2006.9711173

Cited by 63 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The observed minor decrease in receding contact angels of native steel after exposure to peroxide sanitizers may be a result of formation of a thin layer of mixed metal oxides on the surface, as proposed by Miyazawa et al (2006). Even after 168 cycles of exposure to peroxide sanitizer, Ni-PTFE-modified steel remained hydrophobic at approximately 90°, the highest retention of hydrophobicity among all 4 sanitizing agents.…”

Section: Surface Analysismentioning

confidence: 68%

Stability of nonfouling electroless nickel-polytetrafluoroethylene coatings after exposure to commercial dairy equipment sanitizers

Huang

Goddard

2015

Journal of Dairy Science

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Application of nonfouling coatings on thermal processing equipment can improve operational efficiency. However, to enable effective commercial translation, a need exists for more comprehensive studies on the stability of nonfouling coatings after exposure to different sanitizers. In the current study, the influence of different commercial dairy equipment sanitizers on the nonfouling properties of stainless steel modified with electroless Ni-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coatings was determined. Surface properties, such as dynamic contact angle, surface energy, surface morphology, and elemental composition, were measured before and after the coupons were exposed to the sanitizers for 168 cleaning cycles. The fouling behavior of Ni-PTFE-modified stainless steel coupons after exposure was also evaluated by processing raw milk on a self-fabricated benchtop-scale plate heat exchanger. The results indicated that peroxide sanitizer had only minor effect on the Ni-PTFE-modified stainless steel surface, whereas chlorine- and iodine-based sanitizers influenced the surface properties drastically. The coupons after 168 cycles of exposure to peroxide sanitizer accumulated the least amount of fouling material (4.44±0.24mg/cm(2)) compared with the coupons exposed to the other 3 sanitizers. These observations indicated that the Ni-PTFE nonfouling coating retained antifouling properties after 168 cycles of exposure to peroxide-based sanitizer, supporting their potential application as nonfouling coatings for stainless steel dairy processing equipment.

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Section: Surface Analysismentioning

confidence: 68%

Stability of nonfouling electroless nickel-polytetrafluoroethylene coatings after exposure to commercial dairy equipment sanitizers

Huang

Goddard

2015

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…The above AES and XPS results confirm that, by 316L stainless steel reacting with either dissolved oxygen or H 2 O 2 , a bilayer-structure oxide film could be formed on the top surface of 316L stainless steel, which is consistent with other researcher's results. 26,27,32 It is reported that, with sufficient reaction time, the outer layer of the oxide film can be completely transformed into α-FeOOH and α-Fe 2 O 3 . 25,27,33 In acidic condition, the oxidation process of the outer layer from metallic iron into α-FeOOH and α-Fe 2 O 3 can be depicted as follows: 34 at the 1st stage, since the diffusion velocity of iron is faster than that of chromium and that of nickel, iron can quickly diffuse on the top surface.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it could be inferred that the oxide film is made up of two layers: the outer layer is mainly composed of iron-enriched oxides, and the inner layer is mainly composed of iron-enriched and chromium-enriched oxides. [25][26][27] XPS technique was used to further investigate the chemical compositions of the oxide film. 27 The XPS O(1s) spectra of the 316L stainless steel surface after being polished with the slurries containing different concentrations of H 2 O 2 are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Mechanical Polishing of Stainless Steel as Solar Cell Substrate

Jiang

Yang

2015

ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol.

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Recently, stainless steel has been widely used as the solar cell substrate. In this paper, chemical mechanical polishing technique was employed to prepare the ultra-smooth 316L stainless steel surface for such application. The effects of solid content, pH, H 2 O 2 and benzotriazole (BTA) on the polishing performance of 316L stainless steel were investigated. The results indicated that, at pH 4.00, with the increase in the H 2 O 2 concentration, the MRR first dramatically increases due to the fact that, with the addition of small amount of H 2 O 2 , a porous outer layer mainly consisting of iron-enriched oxides with relatively low mechanical strength of the bilayer-structure oxide film is rapidly formed on the surface. After reaching the maximum value, the MRR gradually decreases since the outer layer gradually grows compact by the transformation of γ-FeOOH into α-FeOOH and even into α-Fe 2 O 3 . With the addition of BTA, the MRR can be suppressed, which is probably attributed to the formation of BTA passivating film on the top surface. Finally, a two-step polishing method was proposed, by which the ultra-smooth 316L stainless steel surface with the surface roughness R a about 2.0 nm can be achieved within 30 min and it can be subsequently used for thin-film solar cells. Stainless steel plays an important role in the mechanical industry due to the excellent mechanical properties, the high thermostability and the strong corrosion resistance. Recently, various types of stainless steels have been intensively used in precise devices, 1-4 especially been used as the substrate for thin-film solar cells. [5][6][7][8][9][10] In order to achieve satisfactory performance of solar cells, low roughness, low defects as well as excellent flatness of the stainless steel substrate are intensively demanded and even indispensable. It is reported that, by improving the surface roughness of stainless steel substrate from 38 nm to 23 nm, the conversion efficiency of hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin-film solar cells can greatly increase to 5.4%. 10 As is revealed, chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) combines the synergetic effects of chemical corrosion and mechanical abrasion, and can achieve both local and global planarization of the substrate surface. 11-14Hu et al.2 used colloidal silica as the abrasive and investigated the effects of pH and oxidizer on the polishing performance of stainless steel, and it was reported that the combination of oxidizer and strong acidity was the prerequisite for high material removal rate (MRR). However, the microscopic defects of 1-2 μm in size cannot be effectively avoided on the polished surface. Lee et al.10 used electrochemical mechanical polishing technique, which applied an additional anodic potential on the stainless steel substrate besides CMP, to polish the stainless steel surface, and it was reported that the polished surface roughness was reduced from about 38 nm to about 23 nm. However, more detailed polishing performance and the mechanism of chemical reactions during the polishing pr...

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“…The ECP at a crack tip remains low due to oxygen consumption and is almost insensitive to bulk water chemistry. While it was pointed out that the influence of radiation on ECP at crack tips may be negligible [6], the specific role of H 2 O 2 in oxidation, crack growth and ECP has been studied in the last decade [273][274][275][276][277]. It was found that the energy deposition by radiation was enhanced within a crack due to back-scattered radiation from the surrounding material [273].…”

Section: Water Radiolysis and H 2 O 2 Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current understanding of radiation-induced degradation in light water reactor structural materials

Fukuya¹

2013

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology

161

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Current phenomenological knowledge and understanding of mechanisms are reviewed for radiation embrittlement of reactor pressure vessel low alloy steels and irradiation assisted stress corrosion cracking of core internals of stainless steels. Accumulated test data of irradiated materials in light water reactors and microscopic analyses by using state-of-the-art techniques such as a three-dimensional atom probe and electron backscatter diffraction have significantly increased knowledge about microstructural features. Characteristics of solute clusters and deformation microstructures and their contributions to macroscopic material property changes have been clarified to a large extent, which provide keys to understand in the degradation mechanisms. However, there are still fundamental research issues that merit study for long-term operation of reactors that requires reliable quantitative prediction of radiation-induced degradation of component materials in low-dose rate high-dose conditions.

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Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide on Corrosion of Stainless Steel, (V) Characterization of Oxide Film with Multilateral Surface Analyses

Cited by 63 publications

References 15 publications

Stability of nonfouling electroless nickel-polytetrafluoroethylene coatings after exposure to commercial dairy equipment sanitizers

Stability of nonfouling electroless nickel-polytetrafluoroethylene coatings after exposure to commercial dairy equipment sanitizers

Chemical Mechanical Polishing of Stainless Steel as Solar Cell Substrate

Current understanding of radiation-induced degradation in light water reactor structural materials

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