Effects of Hydrothermal Aging of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polycarbonate Composites on Mechanical Performance and Sand Erosion Resistance

Fang, Mei; Zhang, Na; Huang, Ming; Lü, Bo; Lamnawar, Khalid; Liu, Chuntai; Shen, Changyu

doi:10.3390/polym12112453

Cited by 24 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Based on the exposure condition and laminate type, the properties are either increasing [ 14,15 ] or decreasing. [ 16,17 ] Similar behavior can be observed at raw matrix. Based on the moisture content and the matrix type, the UTS and modulus may increase [ 56 ] while the deformation decreases.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…[ 12,13 ] The moisture alone is causing changes in mechanical properties which are either positive [ 14,15 ] or negative. [ 16,17 ] The moisture weakens the fiber/matrix interphase, degrades the matrix, and changes the surface state of fiber and matrix. [ 18,19 ] As the temperature increases, the resistance and vapor pressure decrease, causing cracks and debonding of the fibers from the matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of long‐time moisture exposure and low temperatures on mechanical behavior of open‐hole Cfrp laminate

et al. 2021

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Carbon fiber composite laminates (CFRP) used in aerospace are operating under various environmental conditions. Parts are often exposed to moisture which slowly diffuses into the laminate and forms internal stresses. During the flight, the aircraft is also exposed to low or elevated temperatures. The result is negative impact on composite performance due to formation of hygrothermal stresses. Understanding this phenomenon helps with prediction of the damage development which is vital for increasing the components service life. The open‐hole CFRP laminates were conditioned in humid air at 70°C/85% RH for 33,800 h and the effect of low temperatures on quasi‐cyclic tension properties and fracture behavior was investigated. The mechanical tests on two types of CFRP laminate with different number and orientation of plies were performed under − 55°C. The material behavior during the testing was monitored by acoustic emission technique. The light optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used for the identification of failure mechanisms. The study showed that the hygrothermal effect has significant impact on materials toughness reduction. The damage mechanisms and characteristic morphologic features are changing due to the matrix degradation and weakened fiber/matrix interface.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of long‐time moisture exposure and low temperatures on mechanical behavior of open‐hole Cfrp laminate

et al. 2021

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“…Hydrothermal accelerated product aging is a technique that aims to assess a material’s response under normal-usage conditions over a long period of time by subjecting the product for a short period of time to moisture and stresses that are more extreme than normal environmental thermal stresses [ 17 ]. Of course, this laboratory artificial aging cannot be directly translated to the clinical situation, but it at least provides an indication of the materials’ stability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Accelerated Aging on Some Mechanical Properties and Wear of Different Commercial Dental Resin Composites

et al. 2021

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The aim of current in vitro research was to determine the effect of hydrothermal accelerated aging on the mechanical properties and wear of different commercial dental resin composites (RCs). In addition, the effect of expiration date of the composite prior its use was also evaluated. Five commercially available RCs were studied: Conventional RCs (Filtek Supreme XTE, G-aenial Posterior, Denfil, and >3y expired Supreme XTE), bulk-fill RC (Filtek Bulk Fill), and short fiber-reinforced RC (everX Posterior). Three-point flexural test was used for determination of ultimate flexural strength (n = 8). A vickers indenter was used for testing surface microhardness. A wear test was conducted with 15,000 chewing cycles using a dual-axis chewing simulator. Wear pattern was analyzed by a three-dimensional (3D) noncontact optical profilometer. Degree of C=C bond conversion of monomers was determined by FTIR-spectrometry. The specimens were either dry stored for 48 h (37 °C) or boiled (100 °C) for 16 h before testing. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to evaluate the microstructure of each material. Data were analyzed using ANOVA (p = 0.05). Hydrothermal aging had no significant effects on the surface wear and microhardness of tested RCs (p > 0.05). While flexural strength significantly decreased after aging (p < 0.05), except for G-aenial Posterior, which showed no differences. The lowest average wear depth was found for Filtek Bulk Fill (29 µm) (p < 0.05), while everX Posterior and Denfil showed the highest wear depth values (40, 39 µm) in both conditions. Passing the expiration date for 40 months did not affect the flexural strength and wear of tested RC. SEM demonstrated a significant number of small pits on Denfil’s surface after aging. It was concluded that the effect of accelerated aging may have caused certain weakening of the RC of some brands, whereas no effect was found with one brand of RC. Thus, the accelerated aging appeared to be more dependent on material and tested material property.

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“…The saturation point is attained for the moisture absorption rate of the PC/CF composites for the fifth day of immersion, beyond which, the absorption rate curve flattens to almost become a horizontal straight line. [38] The findings of Fang et al, also holds true for biopolymer composites. This is ascertained by the findings of Duigou et al They have done experimentations on the poly lactic acid (PLA)-based biopolymer composites reinforced with Flax fibers.…”

Section: Aging Of Biopolymer Compositesmentioning

confidence: 89%

Effect of aging on the biopolymer composites: Mechanisms, modes and characterization

Santhosh

Praveena²,

Naik

et al. 2022

Polymer Composites

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The biopolymer composites have gained greater significance due to their eco compatibility. However, the performance, longevity, and the durability of the biopolymer composites are greatly influenced by the aging. The functioning of the bio composites in the varying environmental conditions are strongly influenced by their inherent characteristics and physico-chemical changes that they undergo due to aging. These biopolymer composites are subject to the chemical degradations such as oxidation, and physical modifications which affects the physical structure of the biopolymers in the composites. The material kinetics, especially related to the plasticizers and the thermomechanical attributes related to the fiber dispersion in the bio composites is greatly influenced by the aging of the composites under different environmental conditions, viz., saline, acidic, and alkaline environments and under different physical degradations, viz., wear, delamination, and surface ruptures. The modes and mechanisms of aging of the biopolymer composites under different operating environments, and the influence of aging on the characteristics of the biopolymer composites are critically reviewed and summarized in this article.

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Effects of Hydrothermal Aging of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polycarbonate Composites on Mechanical Performance and Sand Erosion Resistance

Cited by 24 publications

References 29 publications

The effect of long‐time moisture exposure and low temperatures on mechanical behavior of open‐hole Cfrp laminate

The effect of long‐time moisture exposure and low temperatures on mechanical behavior of open‐hole Cfrp laminate

Effect of Accelerated Aging on Some Mechanical Properties and Wear of Different Commercial Dental Resin Composites

Effect of aging on the biopolymer composites: Mechanisms, modes and characterization

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