Effects of hygrothermal stress on the failure of CFRP composites

Meng, Maozhou; Rizvi, M.J.; Grove, Stephen; Le, Huirong

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.08.016

Cited by 94 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Following diffusion measurements [5,13], this paper performed the fatigue studies of dry and saturated laminate specimens (tap water immersion, sea water immersion, and sea water immersion with 70bar hydrostatic pressure) in both dry and wet environments. Bending fatigue (both 3-point and 4-point bending) tests were carried out at three loading levels to investigate the fatigue performance of the UD and CP laminates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More specifically, as shown in the magnified chart for the immersed specimens at 80% UFS loading level, the cycle counts of the three kinds of water immersions showed such large scatter that there was no clear evidence of any difference in the effects of the three kinds of water immersions on the fatigue life. It had been found that the sea water immersion specimens presented a larger number of bare fibres than tap water condition [5], meaning that the degradation in sea water was more severe than in tap water. One possible explanation for this phenomenon is that the 3-month period of water immersion was not long enough to see the obvious difference of the effects on the fatigue performance.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The challenges for composite materials used in marine environment include the long exposure time to moisture, temperature, numerous ionic species as well as the microorganisms. Recently, a multiscale study of CFRP composite has been demonstrated that the marine environment exposure not only affects the stress distribution in composite laminates but also degrades the interface of the fibre and matrix [4,5]. In the marine environment, the mechanical structure is designed to have a service life of several decades so that the determination of the resistance to the state of cyclic stress is a fundamental problem in the marine applications of FRP composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Moisture effects on the bending fatigue of laminated composites

Meng

Grove

et al. 2016

Composite Structures

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This paper investigated the effect of moisture ingress on the bending fatigue of laminated composites. An accelerated testing method was developed to investigate the correlation between composite fatigue and moisture diffusion effects. Unidirectional and cross-ply laminated CFRP composites were manufactured in autoclave, and then submerged in both fresh and seawater for various periods until moisture saturation. Quasi-static and cyclic tests were carried out in both air and wet environment, and the failure mechanisms were investigated using visual and microscopic methods. Additionally, a robust 2D Finite Element model (FEA) was developed to simulate the fatigue crack propagation based on Virtual Crack Closure Technique (VCCT), while a 3D FEA model was developed to investigate the edge effect on fatigue crack propagation. The experimental observations gave a good agreement with the FEA models. The study showed that the bending fatigue failure was due to the so-called buckling-driven delamination, and the fatigue life was reduced significantly owing to the combination of edge effect and capillary effect. The fatigue test indicated that the fatigue resistance was degraded one stress level due to the water ingress. Therefore, a 4-step fatigue failure theory was proposed to explain the moisture effects on the crack propagation under bending fatigue

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Moisture effects on the bending fatigue of laminated composites

Meng

Grove

et al. 2016

Composite Structures

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“…Fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) laminated composites have been widely used in wind turbine blade structures due to their good strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance and excellent fatigue properties [1][2][3]. Glass fibres are currently the most common reinforcements in the laminate for wind turbine blades; however, there is an increasing interest in carbon fibres as a result of their decreasing cost and better properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of flexural fatigue life and 3D damage in carbon fibre reinforced polymer laminates

Liu

Srikanth

et al. 2016

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

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Carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminated composites have become attractive in the application of wind turbine blade structures. The cyclic load in the blades necessitates the investigation on the flexural fatigue behaviour of CFRP laminates. In this study, the flexural fatigue life of the [+45/-45/0]2s CFRP laminates was determined and then analysed statistically. X-ray microtomography was conducted to quantitatively characterise the 3D fatigue damage. It was found that the fatigue life data can be well represented by the two-parameter Weibull distribution; the life can be reliably predicted as a function of applied deflections by the combined Weibull and Sigmodal models. The delamination at the interfaces in the 1 st ply group is the major failure mode for the flexural fatigue damage in the CFRP laminate. The calculated delamination area is larger at the interfaces adjacent to the 0 ply. The delamination propagation mechanism is primarily matrix/fibre debonding and secondarily matrix cracking.

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“…Moisture uptake in organic polymers leads to plasticization or hydrolysis which can cause material failure caused by significant reduction of mechanical properties and glass transition temperature (T g ) [2]. Researches were conducted in the last two decades regarding moisture absorption influence on mechanical properties of polymeric composites [3][4][5][6][7][8], all resulting in degradation of material's mechanical properties. The main factors that influenced the degradation were: time of exposure (properties are reduced after short-term exposure while damage becomes more significant after long term exposure), temperature (a higher temperature increase properties degradation rate), sample geometry, void content and reinforcement orientation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Property Evolution of Polymeric Composites Immersed in Jet Fuel

et al. 2019

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The aim of the present study is to evaluate the jet fuel influence on tensile strength of a polymeric composite material. To accomplish the goal, composite samples were immersed in a kerosene-type jet fuel (JET A-1) for a period of 137 days at room temperature. Three sample batches were studied: references, immersed samples and immersed samples which were vacuum dried. Tensile tests were carried out on each sample batch, and it was concluded that the jet fuel reduces the tensile strength of the epoxy composite while increasing the elastic modulus. The accelerated dry process ensures the partial desorption of kerosene, but it does not ensure an improvement of composite mechanical properties. The overall conclusion of the study is that jet fuel has a negative influence over the studied bare carbon fiber reinforced polymer tensile strength on long term due to degradation of polymeric matrix.

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Effects of hygrothermal stress on the failure of CFRP composites

Cited by 94 publications

References 13 publications

Moisture effects on the bending fatigue of laminated composites

Moisture effects on the bending fatigue of laminated composites

Quantification of flexural fatigue life and 3D damage in carbon fibre reinforced polymer laminates

Mechanical Property Evolution of Polymeric Composites Immersed in Jet Fuel

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