Effects of Hypoxia and Acidosis on Cardiac Electrophysiology and Hemodynamics. Is NHE-Inhibition by Cariporide Still Advantageous?

Salameh, Aida; Zöbisch, Helena; Schröder, Bianca; Vigelahn, Jonas; Jahn, Mandy; Abraham, Getu; Seeger, Johannes; Dähnert, Ingo; Dhein, Stefan

doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00224

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Moreover, impaired oxygenation of the myocardium leads to nitrosative stress and cell apoptosis or necrosis, conditions that may further reduce cardiac function. Typical reactions induced by hypoxia include formation of nitrotyrosine from nitrosylation of tyrosine residues by peroxynitrite radicals and activation of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1) [11]. PARP-1 depletes cellular energy and mediates cell death via upregulation of poly-ADP-ribose (PAR) and translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) from the mitochondria to the nucleus [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Normobaric Hypoxia and Adrenergic Blockade over 72 h on Cardiac Function in Rats

Neubert,

Rassler,

Hoschke

et al. 2023

IJMS

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In rats, acute normobaric hypoxia depressed left ventricular (LV) inotropic function. After 24 h of hypoxic exposure, a slight recovery of LV function occurred. We speculated that prolonged hypoxia (72 h) would induce acclimatization and, hence, recovery of LV function. Moreover, we investigated biomarkers of nitrosative stress and apoptosis as possible causes of hypoxic LV depression. To elucidate the role of hypoxic sympathetic activation, we studied whether adrenergic blockade would further deteriorate the general state of the animals and their cardiac function. Ninety-four rats were exposed over 72 h either to normal room air (N) or to normobaric hypoxia (H). The rodents received infusion (0.1 mL/h) with 0.9% NaCl or with different adrenergic blockers. Despite clear signs of acclimatization to hypoxia, the LV depression continued persistently after 72 h of hypoxia. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed significant increases in markers of nitrosative stress, adenosine triphosphate deficiency and apoptosis in the myocardium, which could provide a possible explanation for the absence of LV function recovery. Adrenergic blockade had a slightly deteriorative effect on the hypoxic LV function compared to the hypoxic group with maintained sympathetic efficacy. These findings show that hypoxic sympathetic activation compensates, at least partially, for the compromised function in hypoxic conditions, therefore emphasizing its importance for hypoxia adaptation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Normobaric Hypoxia and Adrenergic Blockade over 72 h on Cardiac Function in Rats

Neubert,

Rassler,

Hoschke

et al. 2023

IJMS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The myocardium has considerably lower demands as a result of the area's lack of contraction; therefore, the absence of blood and energy supply has less impact on the infarct's growth. 7 Glucose transporter (GLUT) 4 is the main GLUT in cardiomyocytes. 8 Myocardial ischemia inhibited GLUT4 translocation leading to reduced myocardial glucose uptake, indicating that utilization efficiency and glycogen content were significantly associated with cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI).…”

Section: The Pathophysiological Mechanisms Of Ischemia-reperfusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 Anaerobic glycolysis not only leads to acidosis allowing Na + influx through the Na + /H + exchanger, but the lack of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) also inhibits Na + /K + -ATPase, both of which promote the accumulation of intracellular Na + . 7 Subsequently, the Na + / Ca 2+ exchanger works in reverse mode resulting in intracellular Ca 2+ overload. Once reperfusion occurs, increased cytoplasmic Ca 2+ accompanied by rapid normalization and reactivation of acidic pH induces the release-reuptake of Ca 2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and uncontrolled sarcoplasmic fiber hypercontraction.…”

Section: The Pathophysiological Mechanisms Of Ischemia-reperfusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Myocardial Protection by Desflurane: From Basic Mechanisms to Clinical Applications

Han

Jun

2023

Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology

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Coronary heart disease (CHD) is an affliction that is common and has an adverse effect on patients' quality of life and survival while also raising the risk of intraoperative anesthesia. Mitochondria are the organelles most closely associated with the pathogenesis, development and prognosis of CHD. Ion abnormalities, an acidic environment, the production of reactive oxygen species, and other changes during abnormal myocardial metabolism cause the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores, which disrupts electron transport, impairs mitochondrial function, and even causes cell death. Differences in reliability and cost-effectiveness between desflurane and other volatile anesthetics are minor, but desflurane has shown better myocardial protective benefits in the surgical management of patients with coronary artery disease. The results of myocardial protection by desflurane are briefly summarized in this review, and biological functions of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, mitochondrial electron transport chain, reactive oxygen species, atp-dependent potassium channels, G protein-coupled receptors, and protein kinase C are discussed in relation to the protective mechanism of desflurane. This article also discusses the effects of desflurane on patient hemodynamics, myocardial function, and postoperative parameters during coronary artery bypass grafting. Although there are limited and insufficient clinical investigations, they do highlight the possible advantages of desflurane and offer additional suggestions for patients.

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“…NHE can increase damage to the pancreas due to its role in insulin release [31]. NHE affects Na+ and Ca2+ transport, which leads to hypoxia [32]. This, along with COVID-19 associated cell lysis, leads to increased lactate levels, insulin resistance and endothelial damage.…”

Section: Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Ketoacidosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Treatment Options for COVID-19 Associated Mucormycosis: Present Status and Future Perspectives

Madhavan

Sai

Shanmugam

et al. 2022

JCM

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Mucormycosis has become increasingly associated with COVID-19, leading to the use of the term “COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM)”. Treatment of CAM is challenging due to factors such as resistance to many antifungals and underlying co-morbidities. India is particularly at risk for this disease due to the large number of patients with COVID-19 carrying comorbidities that predispose them to the development of mucormycosis. Additionally, mucormycosis treatment is complicated due to the atypical symptoms and delayed presentation after the resolution of COVID-19. Since this disease is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, early identification and diagnosis are desirable to initiate a suitable combination of therapies and control the disease. At present, the first-line treatment involves Amphotericin B and surgical debridement. To overcome limitations associated with surgery (invasive, multiple procedures required) and amphotericin B (toxicity, extended duration and limited clinical success), additional therapies can be utilized as adjuncts or alternatives to reduce treatment duration and improve prognosis. This review discusses the challenges associated with treating CAM and the critical aspects for controlling this invasive fungal infection—early diagnosis and initiation of therapy, reversal of risk factors, and adoption of a multipronged treatment strategy. It also details the various therapeutic options (in vitro, in vivo and human case reports) that have been used for the treatment of CAM.

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Effects of Hypoxia and Acidosis on Cardiac Electrophysiology and Hemodynamics. Is NHE-Inhibition by Cariporide Still Advantageous?

Cited by 11 publications

References 43 publications

Effects of Normobaric Hypoxia and Adrenergic Blockade over 72 h on Cardiac Function in Rats

Effects of Normobaric Hypoxia and Adrenergic Blockade over 72 h on Cardiac Function in Rats

Myocardial Protection by Desflurane: From Basic Mechanisms to Clinical Applications

Current Treatment Options for COVID-19 Associated Mucormycosis: Present Status and Future Perspectives

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