Effects of <i>Propionibacterium acnes</i> on various mRNA expression levels in normal human epidermal keratinocytes <i>in vitro</i>

Akaza, Narifumi; Akamatsu, Hirohiko; Kishi, Masataka; Mizutani, Hiroshi; Ishii, Izumi; Nakata, Satoshi; Matsunaga, Kayoko

doi:10.1111/j.1346-8138.2009.00626.x

Cited by 36 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Thus, the expression of the gene coding for involucrin was increased when keratinocytes were exposed to a Type IA strain . P. acnes also increased the expression of filaggrin and transglutaminases 1, 3 and 5 …”

Section: Other Targets Of P Acnesmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Throughout the activation of TLRs, PARs and antimicrobial peptides, P. acnes upregulates the secretion of different proinflammatory cytokines (IL‐1α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐12, TNF‐α or granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor) by human keratinocytes, sebocytes or macrophages and strongly activates the inflammasome of human peripheral neutrophils …”

Section: P Acnes and Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Propionibacterium acnes: an update on its role in the pathogenesis of acne

Beylot¹,

Auffret²,

Poli³

et al. 2013

Acad Dermatol Venereol

221

159

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In recent years, significant progress has been made in the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of acne and the role of Propionibacterium acnes. With this review, the authors aim to provide an update on the current understanding of the role of P. acnes in the development of acne lesions and analysing the potential implications for future treatments. A total of 188 articles published between January 1980 and March 2013 were searched using key words such as acne, P. acnes, microbiology, Corynebacterium acnes, acne vulgaris, pathogenesis, antibiotic, vaccination and a combination of those key words. From those articles, 77 were analysed in depth. Recent data confirm that P. acnes has a strong proinflammatory activity and targets molecules involved in the innate cutaneous immunity, keratinocytes and sebaceous glands of the pilosebaceous follicle and leads to the development of comedones. Furthermore, the profile of its different strains may differ between healthy subjects and acne patients. The better understanding of the role of P. acnes may allow for new perspectives in the treatment of acne. Novel therapies should target molecules implicated in the activation of innate immunity, including toll-like receptors, protease-activated receptors and topical antimicrobial peptides; the latter may be an alternative to topical antibiotics and thus a solution for limiting bacterial resistance induced by topical macrolides. Vaccines may also be promising. However, the most appropriate candidate remains to be selected.

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Section: Other Targets Of P Acnesmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: P Acnes and Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propionibacterium acnes: an update on its role in the pathogenesis of acne

Beylot¹,

Auffret²,

Poli³

et al. 2013

Acad Dermatol Venereol

221

159

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Contributing to this uncertainty is that P. acnes is a dominant member of the resident microbiota of healthy human skin, and an exclusive bacterial inhabitant of normal human facial sebaceous follicles [3]. Nevertheless, several in vitro and in vivo studies show that P. acnes induces inflammatory responses in host keratinocytes, sebocytes, and monocytes and influences local cell growth and differentiation [4]–[14]. P. acnes is occasionally implicated in serious opportunistic infections such as endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and meningitis, and in severe, postsurgical infections after implantation of a foreign body, e.g., intraocular lenses, prosthetic heart valves, shunts, and posterior implants for scoliosis patients [15], [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, biotyping based on fermentation reactions and typing by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) suggests heterogeneity [23], [24]. Suggestive of differences in pathogenic potential, strains of P. acnes differ in their ability to induce human β-defensin 2 and to influence cell growth, differentiation and viability of keratinocytes and sebocytes [4]–[6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Genetic Analysis of Propionibacterium acnes Identifies a Subpopulation and Epidemic Clones Associated with Acne

2010

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The involvement of Propionibacterium acnes in the pathogenesis of acne is controversial, mainly owing to its dominance as an inhabitant of healthy skin. This study tested the hypothesis that specific evolutionary lineages of the species are associated with acne while others are compatible with health. Phylogenetic reconstruction based on nine housekeeping genes was performed on 210 isolates of P. acnes from well-characterized patients with acne, various opportunistic infections, and from healthy carriers. Although evidence of recombination was observed, the results showed a basically clonal population structure correlated with allelic variation in the virulence genes tly and camp5, with pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)- and biotype, and with expressed putative virulence factors. An unexpected geographically and temporal widespread dissemination of some clones was demonstrated. The population comprised three major divisions, one of which, including an epidemic clone, was strongly associated with moderate to severe acne while others were associated with health and opportunistic infections. This dichotomy correlated with previously observed differences in in vitro inflammation-inducing properties. Comparison of five genomes representing acne- and health-associated clones revealed multiple both cluster- and strain-specific genes that suggest major differences in ecological preferences and redefines the spectrum of disease-associated virulence factors. The results of the study indicate that particular clones of P. acnes play an etiologic role in acne while others are associated with health.

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“…It is possible that the early colonization of the skin by commensal bacteria and the subsequent maturation of microbial colony compositions [6] may influence the correct development of the epidermis following birth. Microbial-induced effects on keratinocyte differentiation and proliferation have been observed previously: P. acnes has been shown to stimulate normal human epidermal keratinocyte (NHEK) proliferation and affect expression of the differentiation markers Filaggrin, β1 Integrin [19], Transglutaminases 1, 3 and 5, and Keratins 1, 10 and 17 [20]. The ability of members of the skin microbiome to modify epidermal keratinocyte properties and the co-maturation of infant epidermal properties with microflora species composition over time may suggest that the skin microflora may be important for skin maturation in early life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the skin barrier in modulating the effects of common skin microbial species on the inflammation, differentiation and proliferation status of epidermal keratinocytes

Duckney

Wong²,

Serrano³

et al. 2013

BMC Res Notes

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BackgroundSkin resident microbial species are often thought of either as pathogenic or commensal. However, little is known about the role of the skin barrier in modulating their potential for causing disease. To investigate this question we measured the effects of three microbial species commonly found on the skin (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Propionibacterium acnes) on a reconstructed human epidermal model by either applying the bacteria on the model surface (intact barrier) or adding them to the culture medium (simulating barrier breach).ResultsWhen added to the medium, all of the tested species induced inflammatory responses and keratinocyte cell death with species-specific potency. P. acnes and S. epidermidis induced specific alterations in the expression of keratinocyte differentiation and proliferation markers, suggesting a barrier reparation response. S. aureus induced complete keratinocyte cell death. On the contrary, topically applied S. epidermidis and P. acnes caused no inflammatory response even when tested at high concentrations, while topical S. aureus induced a weak reaction. None of the tested species were able to alter the expression of keratinocyte differentiation or expression markers, when applied topically.ConclusionsWe show that the skin barrier prevents the effects of common skin bacteria on epidermal keratinocyte inflammation, differentiation and proliferation and highlight the importance of skin barrier in defending against the pathogenic effects of common skin bacteria.

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Effects of Propionibacterium acnes on various mRNA expression levels in normal human epidermal keratinocytes in vitro

Cited by 36 publications

References 42 publications

Propionibacterium acnes: an update on its role in the pathogenesis of acne

Propionibacterium acnes: an update on its role in the pathogenesis of acne

Population Genetic Analysis of Propionibacterium acnes Identifies a Subpopulation and Epidemic Clones Associated with Acne

The role of the skin barrier in modulating the effects of common skin microbial species on the inflammation, differentiation and proliferation status of epidermal keratinocytes

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