Effects of IL-1β, TNF-α, and TGF-β on Proliferation of Human Nasal Epithelial Cells in Vitro

Abstract

Previous reports suggest that cytokines may be involved in proliferation of the epithelium. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of cytokines, IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, and TGF-beta on proliferation of human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) in vitro. Primary cells were cultured from HNECs on collagen gel matrix. Subcultured HNECs were incubated in a medium with recombinant human (rh) cytokines, rhIL-1 beta, rhTNF-alpha, and rhTGF-beta at different concentrations of 0.01 ng/mL, 0.1 ng/mL, 1 ng/mL, 10 ng/mL, and 100 ng/mL. After 2-day incubation with these cytokines, daily cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay for 6 days. While rhIL-1 beta inhibited proliferation of HNECs in concentration-dependent and time-dependent manners, rhTNF-a stimulated HNEC growth at concentrations ranging from 0.01 ng/mL to 10 ng/mL in concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner. In contrast, rhTGF-b inhibited HNEC growth irrespective of concentration and incubation time. This study suggests that IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, and TGF-beta may have an important role in the repair of the nasal mucosa by regulating proliferation of the nasal epithelium.

Differential effects of TNF-α and IL-1β on the control of metal metabolism and cadmium-induced cell death in chronic inflammation

“…IL-1β and TNF-α are both involved in a variety of cellular activities (cell proliferation, differentiation, and cell death) [ 2 , 3 ] but they differ for their structure, the cellular responses they induce and pathways of activation [ 4 ]. In particular, IL-1β is activated by the NALP-1 caspase-1 inflammasome cascade and participates in the process of cell pyroptosis, characterized by the release of massive cytokine levels [ 5 ].…”

Changes in pro-inflammatory cytokines in association with exposure to moisture-damaged building microbes

“…IL-1 and TNF-a are the principal mediators of the host response towards infectious organisms, and they are also involved in repair processes in the nasal mucosa [11]. IL-6 has growth regulatory effects on many cells, and it is also an important cofactor in IL-4 dependent immunoglobulin (Ig)-E synthesis.…”

Characterisation of a monoclonal antibody to carp IL-1β and the development of a sensitive capture ELISA

“…Similarly, high thymocyte proliferation assay was noted with rat rIL-1 [17]. There are studies to show that IL-1 may also serve to regulate proliferation of cells in a concentration and time-dependent manner [18]. The lack of su$cient stimulation of the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) by carp rIL-1 may be due to the concentration of PHA that was used for stimulation, as it has been reported earlier that the proliferative response of carp PBL is highly dependent on the continuous presence of the PHA [19].…”