“…Previous findings have shown that oxidative stress responds to exposure to RF-EMR ( Consales et al, 2012 , Yüksel et al, 2016 , Yurekli et al, 2006 ). Oxidants could interrupt cellular membrane enzyme activity, impair cellular activities, and perhaps lead to cell death ( Achudume et al, 2012 , Hasan et al, 2021b , Karim et al, 2020 , Kobir et al, 2020 ). Most noticeable behavioral and cognitive disorders of the central nervous system identified in both people and animals regarding long-term smartphone radiation exposure ( Babadi-Akashe et al, 2014 , Söderqvist et al, 2015 , Zhao et al, 2012 ).…”