Effects of Immature Coconut Water on the HepatoCytoarchitecture Against Carbontetrachloride-induced Liver Damagein Wistar Rats

Coconut water vinegar ameliorates recovery of acetaminophen induced liver damage in mice

“…This phenomenon was common as previous study has shown that acetification of fruit that is rich in phenolic acid has slight reduction of antioxidant [ 18 ]. Previous studies have proposed that antioxidant in the coconut water contributes to the hepatoprotective effect [ 7 – 9 ]. Although comparatively coconut vinegar is slightly less effective than fruit vinegar, previous study has reported that even synthetic vinegar that only contained acetic acid also possessed substantial hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects [ 14 ].…”

“…In addition, normal animals fed with coconut water were recorded with reduction of liver enzymes and thus proposed as potential hepatoprotective agent [ 6 ]. Moreover, coconut water has also been reported with hepatoprotection activity on carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) induced liver damaged [ 7 – 9 ] and alloxan induced diabetic [ 10 ] rat models by restoring the liver antioxidant level. However, in the coconut industry, coconut water particularly from the mature coconut was commonly handled as waste by-product due to the cost and processing flow [ 11 ].…”

“…Nonetheless, acetification of some fruits was reported with reduction of antioxidant activity due to decrease of total phenolics [ 18 ]. Thus, although coconut water has been reported as potential hepatoprotective agent [ 7 – 9 ] and coconut water vinegar has been commonly consumed to treat various disease including liver disorders and inflammation in coconut producing countries, the hepato-recovery effect of coconut water vinegar was still unclear. Thus, this study was performed to evaluate the effect of coconut water vinegar in promoting recovery of acetaminophen induced liver damage.…”