Effects of Inbreeding on Lamb Survival in a Flock of Muzaffarnagari Sheep

Mandal, Ajoy; Pant, K. P.; Rout, P. K.; Roy, R.

doi:10.5713/ajas.2004.594

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…27). As in studies of other mammals (11,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25), we found that HO and IR were highly correlated, and results were similar for the two heterozygosity estimates, with IR exhibiting the higher correlation with fitness. In both males and females, individuals with more heterozygous microsatellite loci had the highest reproductive success, as measured by the number of offspring produced.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…A growing number of studies have shown that these estimators of genetic diversity are correlated with a range of fitness components, including survival, disease susceptibility, and reproductive success (11,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). The general consensus of these studies is that an association exists between multilocus heterozygosity and components of fitness (26).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Genetic diversity and reproductive success in mandrills ( Mandrillus sphinx )

Charpentier

Setchell

Prugnolle

et al. 2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Recent studies of wild animal populations have shown that estimators of neutral genetic diversity, such as mean heterozygosity, are often correlated with various fitness traits, such as survival, disease susceptibility, or reproductive success. We used two estimators of genetic diversity to explore the relationship between heterozygosity and reproductive success in male and female mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx) living in a semifree ranging setting in Gabon. Because social rank is known to influence reproductive success in both sexes, we also examined the correlation between genetic diversity and social rank in females, and acquisition of alpha status in males, as well as length of alpha male tenure. We found that heterozygous individuals showed greater reproductive success, with both females and males producing more offspring. However, heterozygosity influenced reproductive success only in dominant males, not in subordinates. Neither the acquisition of alpha status in males, nor social rank in females, was significantly correlated with heterozygosity, although more heterozygous alpha males showed longer tenure than homozygous ones. We also tested whether the benefits of greater genetic diversity were due mainly to a genome-wide effect of inbreeding depression or to heterosis at one or a few loci. Multilocus effects best explained the correlation between heterozygosity and reproductive success and tenure, indicating the occurrence of inbreeding depression in this mandrill colony.correlation heterozygosity-fitness ͉ genome-wide inbreeding ͉ primate ͉ social rank ͉ reproduction O ffspring born to closely related parents often show reduced fitness, a phenomenon known as inbreeding depression (1); this is typically due to increased homozygosity at loci affecting fitness, either by permitting the expression of recessive deleterious alleles or by reducing heterozygote advantage (2). Inbreeding avoidance is thought to underlie the evolution of sex-biased dispersal (3, 4) and has important implications for conservation (5).Most studies of the relationship between inbreeding and fitness have been carried out using domestic or captive animals (reviewed in refs. 6-8). Studies of the influence of inbreeding on overall fitness in natural, or seminatural, populations remain relatively rare because accumulating the generations of pedigree information necessary to calculate inbreeding coefficients requires long-term study, particularly for long-lived organisms. Moreover, studies using inbreeding coefficients are limited where mating between close relatives is infrequent in a population (9). An alternative approach to the use of inbreeding coefficients is to exploit the fact that inbreeding reduces heterozygosity (10).The development of new genetic techniques (e.g., microsatellite analysis), and of estimators of genetic diversity which improve on simple single-locus measures of heterozygosity, has led to increasing numbers of studies of inbreeding depression in wild populations over the past 10 years. For example, Coulson et al. (...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and reproductive success in mandrills ( Mandrillus sphinx )

Charpentier

Setchell

Prugnolle

et al. 2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…1998; Gharrett et al . 1999; Mandal et al . 2004), and to negatively affect both growth (Coltman et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life history correlates of inbreeding depression in mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx)

et al. 2005

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Inbreeding depression reflects the negative consequences of increased homozygosity at genes that affect fitness. We investigate inbreeding depression in a semi-free-ranging colony of mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx), using high-quality pedigree data, comprising five maternal generations and 20 years of morphological and demographic data. We examine the relationship between inbreeding coefficients and four fitness correlates: two growth parameters (mass and height for age) and longevity in both sexes, and age at first conception in females. Inbreeding was correlated with both growth parameters, but only in females, with inbred females being smaller than noninbred females. Inbreeding was also correlated significantly with age at first conception, with inbred females giving birth earlier in life than noninbred females. We suggest that sex-biased maternal investment may explain this sex-differential response to inbreeding, although the lack of a significant association between inbreeding and growth in males may also be due to the provisioned nature of the colony. The surprising relationship between age at first conception and inbreeding may be related to smaller adult size in inbred females, or to their being less able to escape from male sexual coercion.

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“…The consequences of increased homozygosity at loci affecting fitness are often negative, either because recessive deleterious alleles are expressed or because homozygosity reduces heterozygote advantage [Charlesworth & Charlesworth, 1987]. The strong detrimental effects of inbreeding in animal populations can include reduced overall fertility [Amos et al, 2001;Charpentier et al, 2005a;Gallardo et al, 2004;Hoffman et al, 2004;Seddon et al, 2004;Slate et al, 2000], affected growth [Charpentier et al, 2006;Coltman et al, 1998;Pujolar et al, 2005], reduced survival [Coulson et al, 1998[Coulson et al, , 1999Mandal et al, 2004], and increased disease susceptibility [Acevedo-Whitehouse et al, 2003]. Inbreeding depression thus appears to have the potential to shape life history, behavioral, morphological and physiological traits in all living species, from simple to complex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inbreeding depression in non‐human primates: a historical review of methods used and empirical data

Charpentier

Widdig

Alberts

2007

American J Primatol

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Offspring born to related parents may show reduced fitness due to inbreeding depression. Although evidence of inbreeding depression has accumulated for a variety of taxa during the past two decades, such analyses remain rare for primate species, probably because of their long generation time. However, inbreeding can have important fitness costs and is likely to shape life-history traits in all living species. As a consequence, selection should have favored inbreeding avoidance via sex-biased dispersal, extra-group paternity, or kin discrimination. In this paper, we review empirical studies on the effects of inbreeding on fitness traits or fitness correlates in primate species. In addition, we report the methods that have been used to detect inbreeding in primate populations, and their development with the improvement of laboratory techniques. We focus particularly on the advantages and disadvantages using microsatellite loci to detect inbreeding. Although the genetic data that are typically available (partial pedigrees, use of microsatellite heterozygosity as an estimate of genomewide inbreeding) tend to impose constraints on analyses, we encourage primatologists to explore the potential effects of inbreeding if they have access to even partial pedigrees or genetic information. Such studies are important because of both the value of basic research in inbreeding depression in the wild and the conservation issues associated with inbreeding, particularly in threatened species, which include more than half of the currently living primate species.

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Effects of Inbreeding on Lamb Survival in a Flock of Muzaffarnagari Sheep

Cited by 18 publications

References 11 publications

Genetic diversity and reproductive success in mandrills ( Mandrillus sphinx )

Genetic diversity and reproductive success in mandrills ( Mandrillus sphinx )

Life history correlates of inbreeding depression in mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx)

Inbreeding depression in non‐human primates: a historical review of methods used and empirical data

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