Effects of incorporating fibres on mechanical properties of fibre-reinforced concrete: A review

Preferentially Biodegradable Gypsum Fibers Endowing Invisible Microporous Structures and Enhancing Osteogenic Capability of Calcium Phosphate Cements

“…It was reported that different L/d ratios would change the heterogeneous distribution of fibers in bone cement slurries . Based on the view of appropriate size reported previously, the ultralong gypsum fibers were cut into ∼20 mm pieces before mixing, which was suitable for the L/d ratio of 50–100 . In addition, it was found that the gypsum fibers with a 250–450 μm diameter and a 15–20 mm length would match some excellent requirements in tuning micropores and biodegradation.…”

“…In general, the physicochemical and biological properties of the gypsum fiber-added CPCs were influenced by many factors, such as the mixing method, L/d ratio, and fiber contents during the preparation process. 42 As shown in the SEM and μCT images, the fiber-containing cements did show biphasic compositions, and the gypsum fibers were randomly distributed in the CPC substrate. In particular, the TCP/G-F16 and TCP/G-F24 cements exhibited an appreciable fibrous secondary phasic component, and the fibers did not show an unexpected aggregation.…”

“…43 Based on the view of appropriate size reported previously, 44 the ultralong gypsum fibers were cut into ∼20 mm pieces before mixing, which was suitable for the L/d ratio of 50−100. 42 In addition, it was found that the gypsum fibers with a 250−450 μm diameter and a 15−20 mm length would match some excellent requirements in tuning micropores and biodegradation. In general, the threshold of micropore size beneficial for bone regeneration is over 150 μm, 45−48 and such pore dimension facilitates cell migration and blood vessel growth, contributing to new bone formation.…”