Effects of incorporation of silver and titanium nanoparticles on feldspathic ceramic toughness

Abstract

Background. Porcelain is brittle and in many situations it requires replacement in fractured or chipped restorations. The prospects exist in improving the strength of feldspathic porcelain to widen its applications. This study evaluated the fracture toughness of feldspathic porcelain after incorporation of silver and titanium nanoparticles at varying concentrations (0.5 wt%, 1 wt%, 1.5 wt% and 2 wt%). Methods. Test specimen dimensions were standardized to ASTM C1421–16 standards and a three-point flexure test was carried out to evaluate fracture toughness. A total of 330 samples were fabricated and broadly divided into three groups. Group I (titanium nanoparticles) and group II (silver nanoparticles) were further subdivided into 5 groups (0 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 1 wt%, 1.5 wt% and 2 wt%) for fracture toughness analysis, with each group consisting of 30 samples. Group III contained the superior concentration of both titanium and silver nanoparticles. The fracture toughness (KIC) was calculated using indentation fracture method and microstructure observations were made using scanning electron microscopy. The KIC values were compared and evaluated using one-way ANOVA. Results. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD post hoc test multiple comparisons. The mean values of group I, group II and group III were 1.949 MPa.m1/2, 2.002 MPa.m1/2 and 1.330 MPa.m1/2 , respectively. Conclusion. The results revealed that the samples reinforced with titanium and silver nanoparticles showed significant increases in fracture toughness. The blending of superior concentration of both titanium and silver nanoparticles decreased fracture resistance.

Flexural Strength, Shear Bond Strength, and Color change of Veneering Dental Porcelain Modified by Silver Nanoparticles on zirconia and metal cores

“…(22)(23)(24) In this study, flexural strength results were in accordance with De la Fuente et al (2016) (25) , and Karthikeyan et al (2019). (26) They recorded an increase in fracture toughness of sintered porcelain due to the incorporation of silver nanoparticles . They reported that porcelain toughening occurred due to the incorporation of fine metal particles in the porcelain matrix and explained how the lamella structures hold the fracture surfaces together after (1196) the crack propagation through the porcelain matrix and that microcracks and cracks form around the main crack resulting in stress relieve at the crack tip.…”

Overview of Several Typical Ceramic Materials for Restorative Dentistry

“…However, this processing method adversely may affect the color of the feldspar porcelain, and the concentration of nanoparticles should not be too high. High concentrations of silver and titanium nanoparticles will reduce the fracture resistance of the feldspar porcelain [ 19 ].…”

Influence of Silver Nanoparticles on Selected Properties of Dental Porcelain: An in vitro study

“…As dental porcelain provides excellent esthetic results, simulating natural teeth, it has been widely used as a fixed dental prosthesis material, but it has functional limitations as chipping or fracture due to its strength. The improvement of strength through the advancement of technology and newer available nanomaterials to broaden their applications is the scope [12].…”

“…Porcelain materials were reinforced with other materials such as leucite crystals and fibers in the earlier years to nanoparticles in recent days to enhance the mechanical properties [12]. The use of nanoparticles has become a significant area of research in dentistry, the main use has been focused in increasing the mechanical properties such as surface hardness, ductility, and toughness.…”