Effects of Increasing Doses of Condensed Tannins Extract from Cistus ladanifer L. on In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Biohydrogenation

Abstract

Cistus ladanifer (rockrose) is a perennial shrub quite abundant in the Mediterranean region, and it is a rich source in secondary compounds such as condensed tannins (CTs). Condensed tannins from C. ladanifer were able to change the ruminal biohydrogenation (BH), increasing the t11–18:1 and c9,t11–18:2 production. However, the adequate conditions of the C. ladanifer CTs used to optimize the production of t11–18:1 and c9,t11–18:2 is not yet known. Thus, we tested the effect of increasing the doses of C. ladanifer CT extract (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 g/kg dry matter (DM)) on in vitro rumen BH. Five in vitro batch incubations replicates were conducted using an oil supplemented high-concentrate substrate, incubated for 24 h with 6 mL of buffered ruminal fluid. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and long chain fatty acids (FA) were analyzed at 0 h and 24 h, and BH of c9–18:1, c9, c12–18:2 and c9, c12, c15–18:3, and BH products yield were computed. Increasing doses of C. ladanifer CTs led to a moderate linear decrease (p < 0.001) of the VFA production (a reduction of 27% with the highest dose compared to control). The disappearance of c9–18:1 and c9,c12–18:2 as well as the production of t11–18:1 and c9, t11:18:2 was not affected by increasing doses of C. ladanifer CTs, and only the disappearance of c9, c12, c15–18:3 suffered a mild linear decrease (a reduction of 24% with the highest dose compared to control). Nevertheless, increasing the C. ladanifer CT dose led to a strong depression of microbial odd and branched fatty acids and of dimethyl acetals production (less than 65% with the highest dose compared to control), which indicates that microbial growth was more inhibited than fermentative and biohydrogenation activities, in a possible adaptative response of microbial population to stress induced to CTs and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The ability of C. ladanifer to modulate the ruminal BH was not verified in the current in vitro experimental conditions, emphasizing the inconsistent BH response to CTs and highlighting the need to continue seeking the optimal conditions for using CTs to improve the fatty acid profile of ruminant fat.

Effect of an anti-methanogenic supplement on enteric methane emission, fermentation, and whole rumen metagenome in sheep

“…The adverse impact of the tannins on the fermentation has been reported, particularly when supplemented at such high levels (Kumar and Vaithiyanathan, 1990). In a recent study, Guerreiro et al (2021) reported that condensed tannin adversely impacted volatile fatty acid production; however, the adverse impact was more pronounced at higher doses (75-100 g/kg DM). The concentration of tannins (10.4 g/kg DM) in the HD treatment Alpha and beta diversity plots of bacteria (A,B) and archaea (C,D).…”

Artificial Intelligence Applied to Improve Scientific Reviews: The Antibacterial Activity of Cistus Plants as Proof of Concept

“…The results of the analysis of the language of the clusters provide an idea of the main research topic covered by each of them. Cluster 0, the smallest cluster with only 6% of the total articles (99 articles), brings together articles that deal mainly with the effect of tannins present in plants of the Cistus genus, especially C. ladanifer, that certain ruminants, such as goats, consume in their diet, since there are indications that relate the levels of these phenols with better health and quality of these animals' meat and milk [12][13][14][15]. Cluster 1, the second-largest cluster with 31% of the total articles (489 articles), groups articles that address the bioactive and medicinal properties of the extracts and essential oils obtained from Cistus, such as its antioxidant and antibacterial capacity [6,16,17].…”

Colour Stability, Fatty Acid Profile, and Lipid Oxidation in Meat Stored in Modified Atmosphere Packaging from Light Lambs Fed with Concentrate with Carob Pulp (Ceratonia siliqua L.)

“…These FA are considered as potential indicators of the abundance and activity of microbial groups, and therefore may reflect the effects of the chemical composition of the concentrate in the ruminal environment. The negative effects of secondary compounds (i.e., CTs) have been reported on the OBCFA concentrations in digesta or even on volatile FA concentration, suggesting modifications in bacterial activity [ 6 , 41 ]. These previous findings support our observations, since lambs from the Cp groups tended ( p = 0.059) to have decreased levels of C15:0 in IMF.…”