Effects of infection time and moisture on development of ear blight and deoxynivalenol production by <i>Fusarium</i> spp. in wheat

Lacey, J.; Bateman, G. L.; Mirocha, C. J.

doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1999.tb05265.x

Cited by 99 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Current methods of quantifying FHB pathogens include (i) visual assessment of disease severity (20), (ii) counts of infected ears (23) or spikelets (17) at postanthesis, and (iii) counts of fusarium-damaged (22) or -infected (20) kernels at harvest. These techniques estimate pathogen populations indirectly based on disease expression or, in the case of plate counts, directly based on the incidence of the FHB pathogens.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of Trichothecene-Producing Fusarium Species in Harvested Grain by Competitive PCR To Determine Efficacies of Fungicides against Fusarium Head Blight of Winter Wheat

Edwards

Pirgozliev

Hare

et al. 2001

Appl Environ Microbiol

209

121

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We developed a PCR-based assay to quantify trichothecene-producing Fusarium based on primers derived from the trichodiene synthase gene (Tri5). The primers were tested against a range of fusarium head blight (FHB) (also known as scab) pathogens and found to amplify specifically a 260-bp product from 25 isolates belonging to six trichothecene-producing Fusarium species. Amounts of the trichothecene-producing Fusarium and the trichothecene mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) in harvested grain from a field trial designed to test the efficacies of the fungicides metconazole, azoxystrobin, and tebuconazole to control FHB were quantified. No correlation was found between FHB severity and DON in harvested grain, but a good correlation existed between the amount of trichothecene-producing Fusarium and DON present within grain. Azoxystrobin did not affect levels of trichothecene-producing Fusarium compared with those of untreated controls. Metconazole and tebuconazole significantly reduced the amount of trichothecene-producing Fusarium in harvested grain. We hypothesize that the fungicides affected the relationship between FHB severity and the amount of DON in harvested grain by altering the proportion of trichothecene-producing Fusarium within the FHB disease complex and not by altering the rate of DON production. The Tri5 quantitative PCR assay will aid research directed towards reducing amounts of trichothecene mycotoxins in food and animal feed.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of Trichothecene-Producing Fusarium Species in Harvested Grain by Competitive PCR To Determine Efficacies of Fungicides against Fusarium Head Blight of Winter Wheat

Edwards

Pirgozliev

Hare

et al. 2001

Appl Environ Microbiol

209

121

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“…According to Waśkiewicz et al (9), Zhang et al (56), and Ji et al (57), mycotoxin content in grain positively correlates with the severity of FHB. By contrast, Lacey et al (58) reported the presence of DON in grain with no macroscopic symptoms of FHB or grain colonisation by Fusarium spp. These controversial findings could result from differences in infection severity, different plant development stages, and different grain harvest methods (59)(60).…”

Section: Coefficients Of Correlationmentioning

confidence: 91%

The effect of fertiliser treatments on the severity of Fusarium head blight and mycotoxin biosynthesis in winter rye

Cwalina-Ambroziak

Kurowski²,

Waśkiewicz

et al. 2017

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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The fungi of the genus Fusarium cause Fusarium head blight (FHB), a devastating disease that reduces grain yield and quality. They also produce mycotoxins which may pose a serious threat to human and animal health. This study investigated the effects of NPK fertilisation, foliar application of Cu, Zn, and Mn, applied separately and in combination, and of the Nano-Gro ® organic growth stimulator on the occurrence of FHB in cultivar Dańkowskie Diament rye based on the mycological analysis of kernels and on the concentrations of Fusarium mycotoxins in grain. The severity of FHB caused by seven species of the genus Fusarium was influenced by weather conditions in the analysed growing seasons. The applied fertilisation and the Nano-Gro ® organic growth stimulator exerted varied effects on FHB development and the biosynthesis of Fusarium mycotoxins (deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, zearalenone and fumonisins) in grain. The greatest reduction in deoxynivalenol and nivalenol concentrations was noted in 2013, and the levels of moniliformin were lower in treated samples than in absolute control (untreated) samples in both years of the study. The severity of FHB positively correlated with the concentrations of zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, and moniliformin in the grain samples. Greater accumulation of ergosterol was noted in the rye grain harvested in 2013 than in 2012, and fertiliser treatment led to higher ergosterol concentrations than did control treatment. KEY WORDS: deoxynivalenol; ergosterol; fertilisation with microelements; FHB; fumonisins; fungi; moniliformin; nivalenol; zearalenone Fusarium spp., common in all climate zones, can cause many diseases in cereal crops (1-4). These fungi are transmitted through soil and crop residues, compromising plant health as the infection spreads (5). Their pathogens attack plants from the early stages of development (BBCH 30) to maturity (BBCH 77 (3,(7)(8)(9)(10). Fusarium culmorum and F. avenaceum are the most common in Europe, including Poland (2-3, 11). According to Rintelen (12), F. poae and F. tricinctum are more common than F. culmorum and F. graminearum when dry and cool conditions that prevail during flowering are followed by a wet period at a later stage of development. Champeil et al. (13) found that the severity of FHB in wheat is largely determined by high relative humidity, wind, and rainfall during flowering and harvest.According to the literature (14-15), these pathogens differ in their responses to fertilisation with nitrate (N), phosphate (P), potassium (K), and microelements. High N fertilisation levels seem to increase the severity of infections with obligate pathogens but decrease the severity of infections with facultative parasites, including Fusarium spp. (16). Potassium reduces the host plant's susceptibility to infections, but only when applied at optimal rates. Unlike potassium's, phosphate's role in plant resistance to pathogens varies considerably. Microelements such as Cu, Zn, Mn, and B, in turn, seem to be involved in a plant's physiological...

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“…For example, it has been shown that moisture conditions at anthesis are critical in Fusarium infection of the ears ; while Lacey et al (1999) have shown that Fusarium infection in the UK is exacerbated by wet periods at a critical time in early flowering in the summer, which is the optimum window for susceptibility. Equally, there is evidence that droughed-damaged plants are www.intechopen.com more susceptible to infection, so crop planting should be timed to avoid both high temperature and drought stress during the period of seed development and maturation.…”

Section: Environmental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aflatoxins Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - Biotechnological Approaches for Control in Crops

Mejía-Teniente¹,

Chapa-Oliver²,

Vazquez-Cruz³

et al. 2011

Aflatoxins - Detection, Measurement and Control

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Effects of infection time and moisture on development of ear blight and deoxynivalenol production by Fusarium spp. in wheat

Cited by 99 publications

References 14 publications

Quantification of Trichothecene-Producing Fusarium Species in Harvested Grain by Competitive PCR To Determine Efficacies of Fungicides against Fusarium Head Blight of Winter Wheat

Quantification of Trichothecene-Producing Fusarium Species in Harvested Grain by Competitive PCR To Determine Efficacies of Fungicides against Fusarium Head Blight of Winter Wheat

The effect of fertiliser treatments on the severity of Fusarium head blight and mycotoxin biosynthesis in winter rye

Aflatoxins Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - Biotechnological Approaches for Control in Crops

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