Effects of Inflammation on Biomarkers of Vitamin A Status among a Cohort of Bolivian Infants

Burke, Rachel M; Whitehead, Ralph D.; Figueroa, Janet; Whelan, Denis R.; Aceituno, Anna; Rebolledo, Paulina A.; Revollo, Rita; León, Juan S.; Suchdev, Parminder S.

doi:10.3390/nu10091240

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Vitamin A deficiency may correlate with lower measles-specific antibody levels and increased morbidity. In a child with malnutrition, vitamin A deficiency can result in little to no hepatic reserves of vitamin A when infected with measles [19,20]. The WHO recommends vitamin A administration once a day for two consecutive days to children with measles (once daily dosages: 50,000 international unit (IU) to infants less than 6 months old, 100,000 IU to infants aged 6-11 months, and 200,000 IU to children older than 1 year of age) [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for measles deaths among children during a Nationwide measles outbreak – Romania, 2016–2018

et al. 2021

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Background Case fatality ratio (CFR) among all age groups during the 2016–2018 measles outbreak in Romania was increased compared with previous outbreaks. To identify risk factors for measles death, we conducted a case-control study among infants and children hospitalized for measles. Methods National surveillance data were used to identify hospitalized cases of laboratory-confirmed or epidemiologically linked measles in infants and children aged < 59 months with rash onset from January 2016 to July 2018. We abstracted medical records of 50 fatal cases (“cases”) and 250 non-fatal cases (“controls”) matched by age, sex, district of residence, and urban/rural place of residence. We calculated univariable and multivariable matched odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risk factors. Results Ninety-three percent of case-patients and controls had not received a valid dose of a measles-containing vaccine; only 5 % received Vitamin A supplementation once diagnosed with measles. In the univariable analysis, cases were more likely than controls to have had a healthcare-related exposure to measles manifesting as inpatient admission for pneumonia during the 7 to 21 day measles incubation period (OR: 3.0; 95% CI [1.2, 7.2]), to have had a history of malnutrition (OR: 3.4; 95% CI [1.1, 9.9]), and to have had pneumonia as a complication of measles (OR:7.1; 95% CI [2.0–24.8]). In the multivariable analysis, pneumonia as a measles complication remained a risk for death (OR: 7.1; 95% CI [1.4–35.3]). Conclusions Implementing infection prevention and control practices, ensuring immunization of healthcare workers, and hospitalizing only severe measles cases may minimize the risk of nosocomial measles transmission. Implementing World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for Vitamin A supplementation, improving immunization of children to prevent influenza, pneumococcal, and other bacterial respiratory diseases may decrease complications and deaths due to measles in Romania.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for measles deaths among children during a Nationwide measles outbreak – Romania, 2016–2018

et al. 2021

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“…There is an association between VA intake and obesity. Burke et al reported that VA intake was inversely associated with obesity in healthy young adults aged 18-22, and this process was regulated by the RBP4 receptor (28). In addition, the study found that maternal increased VA expanded the offspring adipose progenitor cell population and promoted beige adipogenesis, which in turn protected offspring from obesity.…”

Section: The Effect Of Vitamin a Supplementation On Obesitymentioning

confidence: 89%

“…However due to the invasive nature of liver biopsy and the high consumption of time and resources, serum retinol by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method is currently used as an alternative test (25)(26)(27). Nonetheless, retinol concentrations are influenced by external factors such as childhood age, inflammation, and nutritional status, especially obesity (28). Therefore, it is very important to assess accurate VA levels.…”

Section: Status Of Childhood Obesity and Vitamin A Deficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors and Molecular Mechanisms of Vitamin A and Childhood Obesity Relationship: A Review

Huang

Qian

Chen

et al. 2023

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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Childhood obesity has become a public health concern. As the importance of vitamin A (VA) in the body has become increasingly acknowledged, there is limited clinical trial evidence to substantiate the association between VA and childhood obesity. Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) increases the risk of childhood obesity, a finding consistently reported in pregnant women. VA could regulate the adipogenic process, inflammation, oxidative stress and metabolism-related gene expression in mature adipocytes. VAD disrupts the balance of obesity-related metabolism, thus affecting lipid metabolism and insulin regulation. Conversely, VA supplementation has a major impact on efficacy in obesity, and obese individuals typically have a lower VA status than normal-weight individuals. Several studies have attempted to identify the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying the association between VA and obesity. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent new developments focusing on retinol, retinoic acid, and RBP4 and elucidate and provide an overview of the complex interrelationships between these critical components of VA and childhood obesity. However, the causal relationship between VA status and childhood obesity remains unclear. It is also unknown whether VA supplementation improves the overall obesogenic metabolic profile.

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“…Lower measles-specific antibody levels and greater morbidity may be linked to vitamin A deficiency Vitamin A insufficiency in a malnourished youngster can result in a lack of hepatic vitamin A reserves when infected with measles. [18] All hospitals should employ infection prevention and control procedures to avoid nosocomial measles virus spread. Patients with known or suspected measles should be quickly identified and isolated, and health care staff should follow conventional and airborne precautions [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Pneumonia Associated with Measles among Infants and Children

Khan¹,

Khan²,

Akbar³

et al. 2021

PJMHS

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Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of pneumonia associated with measles among children and infants. Study Design: Cross-sectional Place and Duration: Pediatrics department of Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar and Sharif Medical and Dental College, Lahore for six months duration from February 2020 to July 2020. Methods: Total 150 patients i.e children and infants of both genders were included in this study. Children were aged <5years of age. Patients’ detailed demographics height and weight were recorded after taking informed written consent from the authorities. Patients’ diagnosed measles were presented. Symptoms and frequency of pneumonia among all patients were assessed. Complete data was analyzed by SPSS 22.0 version. Results: There were 90 (60%) children and 60 (40%) infants. Among 150 patients, 100 (66.7%) were males and 50 (33.3%) were females. 70 (46.7%) cases had birth weight > 3kg. 30 (20%) patients had high socioeconomic status, 50 (33.3%) had middle and 70 (46.6%) cases had poor. 85 (56.7%) patients had rural residency. According to severity of measles, 35 (23.3%) had mild,45 (30%) cases had moderate and severity was among 70 (46.7%) patients. Prevalence of pneumonia was found among 95 (63.3%) cases. 40 (26.75) cases had measles vaccination. Conclusion: We concluded in this study that prevalence of pneumonia among children of measles were significantly high. It was due to less number of vaccination status with poor socio economic status among patients. It can be controlled by providing awareness of vaccination to the parents of children. Keywords: Pneumonia, Measles, Children, Infants, Prevalence

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Effects of Inflammation on Biomarkers of Vitamin A Status among a Cohort of Bolivian Infants

Cited by 5 publications

References 45 publications

Risk factors for measles deaths among children during a Nationwide measles outbreak – Romania, 2016–2018

Risk factors for measles deaths among children during a Nationwide measles outbreak – Romania, 2016–2018

Factors and Molecular Mechanisms of Vitamin A and Childhood Obesity Relationship: A Review

Prevalence of Pneumonia Associated with Measles among Infants and Children

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