Effects of ingestion of isomaltulose beverage on plasma volume and thermoregulatory responses during exercise in the heat

Takada, Shota; Otsuka, Junto; Okamoto, Yumi; Watanabe, Daichi; Aoki, Mao; Fujii, Naoto; Kenny, Glen P.; Enoki, Yasuaki; Maejima, Daisuke; Amano, Tatsuro

doi:10.1007/s00421-022-05044-9

Eur J Appl Physiol

2022

DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-05044-9

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Effects of ingestion of isomaltulose beverage on plasma volume and thermoregulatory responses during exercise in the heat

Shota Takada

Junto Otsuka

Yumi Okamoto

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 3 publications

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Effects of ingesting beverages containing glycerol and sodium with isomaltulose or sucrose on fluid retention in young adults: a single-blind, randomized crossover trial

Otsuka,

Okamoto,

Enoki

et al. 2024

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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We evaluated changes in hyperhydration and beverage hydration index (BHI, a composite measure of fluid balance after consuming a test beverage relative to water) during resting, induced by the consumption of beverages containing glycerol and sodium supplemented with fast-absorbing sucrose or slow-absorbing isomaltulose. In a randomized crossover, single-blinded protocol (clinical trials registry: UMIN000042644), fourteen young physically active adults (3 women) consumed 1 L of beverage containing either 7% glycerol + 0.5% sodium (Gly+Na), Gly+Na plus 7% sucrose (Gly+Na+Suc), Gly+Na plus 7% isomaltulose (Gly+Na+Iso), or water (CON) over a 40 min period. We assessed the change in plasma volume (ΔPV), BHI (calculated from cumulative urine output following consumption of water relative to that of the beverage), and blood glucose and sodium for 180 min after initiating ingestion. Total urine volume was reduced in all beverages containing glycerol and sodium compared to CON (all P  0.002). The addition of isomaltulose increased BHI by ~45% (3.43 ± 1.0 vs 2.50 ± 0.7 for Gly+Na, P = 0.011) whereas sucrose did not (2.6 ± 0.6, P = 0.826). The PV expansion was earliest for Gly+Na (30 min), slower for Gly+Na+Suc (90 min), and slowest for Gly+Na+Iso (120 min) with a concomitant lag in the increase of blood glucose and sodium concentrations. Supplementation of beverages containing glycerol and sodium with isomaltulose but not sucrose enhances BHI from those of glycerol and sodium only under a resting state, likely due to the slow absorption of isomaltulose-derived monosaccharides (i.e., glucose and fructose).

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Effects of ingesting beverages containing glycerol and sodium with isomaltulose or sucrose on fluid retention in young adults: a single-blind, randomized crossover trial

Otsuka,

Okamoto,

Enoki

et al. 2024

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Pre-exercise ingestion of a low glycaemic index rice-based mixed meal increases fat oxidation and endurance running performance in a hot-humid environment

Bahari,

Aziz,

Safii

et al. 2024

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Relative to exercise in a thermoneutral environment, there is only limited evidence demonstrating that a low glycaemic index (LGI) pre-exercise meal can enhance endurance exercise performance in a hot-humid (HH) condition. Also, previous studies predominantly utilised Western-based and single food items, with minimal focus on Asian-based mixed meals. This study aimed to investigate the impact of pre-exercise LGI and high glycaemic index (HGI) rice-based mixed meals on endurance performance among acclimatised trained athletes in HH condition (32°C, 65% relative humidity). Twelve native-born endurance-trained male runners (age 22.0 ± 5.8 years; peak oxygen consumption (V̇O2peak) 64.2 ± 5.5 mL.kg-1.min-1) completed two trials consisting of 45-min steady-state (SS) run at 70% V̇O2peak followed by 10 km performance run (TT10km). Three hours before exercise, participants consumed an isocaloric rice-based mixed meals containing either LGI (GI=47) or HGI (GI=80), providing 1.3 g of carbohydrate (CHO) per kg of body mass. Participants ran faster during TT10km after consuming the LGI meal compared to the HGI meal (LGI: 55.18 ± 1.22 vs. HGI: 57.03 ± 2.25 min, p = 0.010). End rectal temperature did not significantly differ between trials (LGI: 39.16 ± 0.74 vs. HGI: 38.95 ± 0.46°C, p = 0.352). Fat oxidation was higher during the SS run in the LGI compared to the HGI trial (LGI: 0.19 ± 0.05 vs. HGI: 0.13 ± 0.19 g.min-1, p = 0.001). This study demonstrated that, relative to HGI, consuming a pre-exercise LGI rice-based mixed meal enhanced endurance performance in HH environment among acclimatised trained male athletes.

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Trends and Missing Links in (De)Hydration Research: A Narrative Review

Rebelo-Marques,

Coelho-Ribeiro,

De Sousa Lages

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Despite decades of literature on (de)hydration in healthy individuals, many unanswered questions remain. To outline research and policy priorities, it is fundamental to recognize the literature trends on (de)hydration and identify current research gaps, which herein we aimed to pinpoint. From a representative sample of 180 (de)hydration studies with 4350 individuals, we found that research is mainly limited to small-scale laboratory-based sample sizes, with high variability in demographics (sex, age, and level of competition); to non-ecological (highly simulated and controlled) conditions; and with a focus on recreationally active male adults (e.g., Tier 1, non-athletes). The laboratory-simulated environments are limiting factors underpinning the need to better translate scientific research into field studies. Although, consistently, dehydration is defined as the loss of 2% of body weight, the hydration status is estimated using a very heterogeneous range of parameters. Water is the most researched hydration fluid, followed by alcoholic beverages with added carbohydrates (CHO). The current research still overlooks beverages supplemented with proteins, amino acids (AA), and glycerol. Future research should invest more effort in “real-world” studies with larger and more heterogeneous cohorts, exploring the entire available spectrum of fluids while addressing hydration outcomes more harmoniously.

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Effects of ingestion of isomaltulose beverage on plasma volume and thermoregulatory responses during exercise in the heat

Cited by 3 publications

References 37 publications

Effects of ingesting beverages containing glycerol and sodium with isomaltulose or sucrose on fluid retention in young adults: a single-blind, randomized crossover trial

Effects of ingesting beverages containing glycerol and sodium with isomaltulose or sucrose on fluid retention in young adults: a single-blind, randomized crossover trial

Pre-exercise ingestion of a low glycaemic index rice-based mixed meal increases fat oxidation and endurance running performance in a hot-humid environment

Trends and Missing Links in (De)Hydration Research: A Narrative Review

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