Effects of Inhalation Aromatherapy With Rosa damascena (Damask Rose) on the State Anxiety and Sleep Quality of Operating Room Personnel During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Randomized Controlled Trial

What are effective strategies to respond to the psychological impacts of working on the frontlines of a public health emergency?

“…Nine studies were conducted in the United States ( 26 , 29 , 38 , 39 , 41 , 42 , 44 , 50 , 56 ), three in the United Kingdom ( 25 , 36 , 59 ), China ( 27 , 34 , 52 ), Italy ( 40 , 60 , 61 ), and Taiwan ( 28 , 37 , 58 ), Turkey ( 46 , 54 , 57 ), and two in Sierra Leone ( 24 , 53 ). The remaining 10 studies were conducted in Armenia ( 37 ), Chile ( 30 ), Indonesia ( 48 ), Iran ( 62 ), Israel ( 45 ), Japan ( 49 ) and the Philippines ( 55 ), Singapore ( 51 ), South Africa ( 31 ), and Spain ( 35 ). Interventions were delivered in response to an infectious disease pandemic or epidemic ( n = 24, 67%), namely COVID-19 ( n = 20, 56%) ( 25 , 27 , 31 , 34–36 , 40 , 44 , 46–48 , 50–52 , 54 , 57 , 59–62 ), Ebola ( n = 3, 8%) ( 24 , 29 , 53 ), and SARS ( n = 1, 2%); natural disasters ( n = 10, 38%), namely earthquakes ( n = 4, 11%) ( 28 , 30 , 37 , 49 ), hurricanes ( n = 5, 14%) ( 38 , 39 , 41 , 42 ,…”

“…Fifteen studies (42%) were randomized controlled trials ( 25 , 26 , 34–36 , 39 , 45–47 , 50–52 , 54 , 57 , 62 ), 17 (47%) were single-group pre–post quantitative studies ( 24 , 27–29 , 31 , 37 , 40–42 , 44 , 49 , 55 , 56 , 58–61 ), and four (11%) were non-randomized interventions with a comparator group ( 30 , 38 , 48 , 53 ). Interventions were categorized into four intervention types: psychotherapy interventions ( n = 9, 25%) defined as comprehensive psychological support including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or training in psychological first aid (PFA), usually delivered or supported by a mental health professional ( 24–34 ); psychoeducation interventions ( n = 11, 31%) which consisted of primarily didactic or interactive educational strategies to promote the use of self-management techniques and build resilience and coping ability ( 35–45 ); mind–body interventions ( n = 12, 33%), such as meditation, yoga, and exercise ( 46–57 ); and workplace-based interventions ( n = 3, 8%) such as in-service-training and workplace hubs ( 58–60 ).…”

“…Two identified interventions using music therapy ( 61 ), and aromatherapy ( 62 ) did not fit well within other intervention categories and are thus presented separately as ‘other’. Most studies ( n = 22, 61%) were delivered to a diverse group of HCWs ( 24 , 26 , 28 , 30 , 31 , 35 , 36 , 39–42 , 44 , 49–53 , 56 , 59 , 61 , 62 ). In contrast, others specifically targeted nurses ( n = 9, 25%) ( 27 , 34 , 45 , 47 , 48 , 54 , 57 , 58 , 60 ), social workers ( n = 6) ( 38 , 46 ), counselors ( n = 1, 3%) ( 37 ), mental health professionals ( n = 1, 3%) ( 55 ), and public health workers ( n = 1, 3%) ( 29 ).…”

Beneficial medicinal effects and material applications of rose

“…In addition, the effect of Rosa damascene aromatherapy on state anxiety and sleep quality among a population of Iranian operating room (OR) personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic was evaluated [ 56 ]. Eighty OR personnel were divided into two groups using the stratified randomization method: Rosa damascene group and a placebo (paraffin oil) group.…”

Study on the Effect of Mentha × piperita L. Essential Oil on Electroencephalography upon Stimulation with Different Visual Effects

“…Since ancient times, EOs have been thought to regulate mood, and previous research has reported that the smell of EOs from Lavandula and Mentha (the plant name has been checked with http://www.theplantlist.org, accessed on 25 April 2022) has a calming effect. EOs have also been used in the clinical treatment of patients and as interventions for treating depression, reducing insomnia, and relieving pain [4].…”