Effects of inoculants and environmental temperature on fermentation quality and bacterial diversity of alfalfa silage

Zhang, Qing; Yu, Zhu; Wang, Xianguo; Tian, Jingkui

doi:10.1111/asj.12961

Cited by 44 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The dominant strains in the alfalfa silage belong to the genera Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Weissella, and Streptococcus in previous studies of alfalfa silage [23,24], which was a little different from the present study. The dominant three genera bacteria across the seven groups were Lactobacillus, Weissella, and Enterobater.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Pectin Degradation is an Important Determinant for Alfalfa Silage Fermentation through the Rescheduling of the Bacterial Community

Wang

Sun

2020

Microorganisms

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This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the four kinds of additives on the silage quality and the relevant bacterial community diversity by Illumina HiSeq 16S rRNA sequencing. The four kinds of additives were Lactobacillus plantarum (LP), organic acids including gallic acid (GA) and phenyllactic acid (PA), pectin (PEC), and enzymes including pectinase (PEE) and cellulase (CE). After 30 d of fermentation, the pH value was shown to have the lowest value in the PEE and PEC groups, followed by the PA group, and then in CE and GA groups; the highest value of pH was found in both LP and control groups. The ammonia nitrogen concentration was lower in the PEE group compared to the other groups except for the PA group. In the comparisons among the seven groups, Lactobacillus was higher in the LP group, Paracoccus was higher in the GA group, Weissella was higher in the PA group, Leuconostoc was higher in the PEC group, Bacillus, Aeromonas, and Curvibacter were higher in the PEE group, and Coriobacteriaceae_UCG_002 was higher in the CE group compared to the other groups. This study proposed that the addition of PEC and PEE improved the fermentation quality of alfalfa silage compared to other additives by improving the bacterial community of Leuconostoc, and Bacillus and Aeromonas, respectively. Moreover, the enhanced fermentation quality of alfalfa silage by the supplementation of PEC and PEE might be attributed to other unclassified genera. This study provides an implication that pectin degradation is an important determinant for alfalfa silage fermentation through the rescheduling of bacterial community diversity.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Pectin Degradation is an Important Determinant for Alfalfa Silage Fermentation through the Rescheduling of the Bacterial Community

Wang

Sun

2020

Microorganisms

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“…This might explain the high AA concentration in CK at 90 d. A high abundance of Garciella, an anaerobic and thermophilic bacterium belonging to Clostridiales (Miranda-Tello et al, 2003), was apparent in the 90-d silage. A high abundance level of Garciella was also reported by Zhang et al (2018) in alfalfa silage ensiled at a high temperature of 40 °C. The excessively high temperature during July (with the highest temperature over 40 °C during the day time) might be one cause of Garciella growth.…”

Section: Effects Of L Plantarum On Bacterial Community Of Alfalfa Sisupporting

confidence: 59%

Lactobacillus plantarum inoculation delays decomposition of alfalfa silage under adverse ensiling conditions by regulating bacterial community composition

Yang¹,

Wang²,

Zhao³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundThe objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism of Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) involved in improving fermentation quality of naturally ensiled alfalfa under poor conditions. ResultsHigh-moisture wilted alfalfa was ensiled without inoculants (CK) or with inoculation of two L. plantarum additives (LPI and LPII). The pH and fermentation products of silage were investigated, and the bacterial community compositions were analyzed. The L. plantarum inoculants significantly enhanced the lactic acid fermentation in terms of promotions in pH decline, lactic acid accumulation, and Lactobacillus abundance for both periods. At 90 d, silage in CK exhibited a high pH, a loss in dry matter, and a high concentration of ammoniacal nitrogen. The inoculations of L. plantarum significantly inhibited the growth of Clostridia, and reduced ammoniacal nitrogen concentration in silage (P < 0.05). Conclusions Inoculation with L. plantarum improved the fermentation quality of alfalfa silage and inhibited the growth of spoilage microorganisms, and further delayed decomposition of alfalfa silage under adverse ensiling conditions.

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“…As one of the main roughages in dairy cow production, alfalfa silage can provide high-quality nutrients for livestock production. Generally, the addition of sugar sources such as molasses and fructose, added individually or mixed with other feed ingredients rich in sugar, is an effective way to increase the WSC content of alfalfa (Li et al, 2018;Muck et al, 2018;Zhang et al, 2018). It was found that pectin can be easily used by ruminants (Mertens, 2002;Liu et al, 2015), and pectin was classed as soluble and easily fermented carbohydrates based on the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System model (Sniffen et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Analysis of Sugars in Modulating Bacterial Communities and Metabolomics Profiles of Medicago sativa Silage

Wang

Gao

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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This study explored the effects of four sugar source treatments, including no sugar (CON), fructose (FRU), pectin (PEC), and starch (STA), on the microbiota and metabolome of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) silage. The bacterial community was determined via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The metabolome was analyzed using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/TOF-MS). After 60 days of fermentation, the pH values in FRU and PEC were lower than those in STA and CON. FRU had a greater lactic acid concentration compared to STA and CON. Weissella (47.44%) and Lactobacillus (42.13%) were the dominant species in all four groups. The abundance of Pediococcus was lower, and the abundance of Leuconostoc, Pantoea, and Microbacterium was higher, in FRU compared to CON. The abundance of norank_f__Bacteroidales_S24-7_group was higher, and the abundance of Turicibacter was lower, in both FRU and PEC than in CON. Leuconostoc was negatively correlated with the pH value, and Pediococcus was positively correlated with the pH value. No microbiomes were detected as discriminative features between STA and CON. The addition of FRU and PEC presented more peptides, such as Leu-Val-Thr, Leu-Phe, Ile-Pro-Ile, Val-Trp, and Ile-Leu-Leu but a lower abundance of metabolites for triterpene glycosides including sanchinoside B1, medicagenic acid, betavulgaroside IV, and prosapogenin compared to CON. The addition of PEC presented more phenyllactic acid compared to CON. Our study demonstrated that the addition of pectin and fructose improved the quality of alfalfa silage mainly by promoting Leuconostoc, Pantoea, and Microbacterium, and inhibiting Pediococcus in FRU, and promoting norank_f__Bacteroidales_S24-7_group and inhibiting Turicibacter in both FRU and PEC; this was due to altered metabolic profiles resulting from antifungal activity and decreased triterpene glycoside accumulation. This study improves our understanding of ensiling mechanisms related to the contributions of sugar.

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Effects of inoculants and environmental temperature on fermentation quality and bacterial diversity of alfalfa silage

Cited by 44 publications

References 54 publications

Pectin Degradation is an Important Determinant for Alfalfa Silage Fermentation through the Rescheduling of the Bacterial Community

Pectin Degradation is an Important Determinant for Alfalfa Silage Fermentation through the Rescheduling of the Bacterial Community

Lactobacillus plantarum inoculation delays decomposition of alfalfa silage under adverse ensiling conditions by regulating bacterial community composition

Functional Analysis of Sugars in Modulating Bacterial Communities and Metabolomics Profiles of Medicago sativa Silage

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