Effects of inorganic mercury on the respiration and the swimming activity of shrimp larvae, Pandalus borealis

St-Amand, L; Gagnon, Richard; Packard, Theodore T.; Savenkoff, Claude

doi:10.1016/s0742-8413(98)10071-3

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…2) exposed to high concentrations of 2,4-D. Similar results have also been observed in different fish species for different chemical substances (St-Amand et al 1999;Chinni et al 2002;Wu and Chen 2004;Barbieri 2007). The significant decrease in the consumption of oxygen is probably the result of alterations of energy metabolism (Olsen et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Effect of 2,4-D herbicide (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) on oxygen consumption and ammonium excretion of juveniles of Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Osteichthyes, Cichlidae)

Barbieri

2008

Ecotoxicology

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Fish form important fisheries and aquaculture resources worldwide. In Brazil, pearl eartheater (Geophagus brasiliensis) is an important commercially exploited species and is an ideal animal for studying the impairment caused by the effects of herbicides that are often detected in the aquatic environment. The main purpose of the present study was to detect the acute toxicity of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) to G. brasiliensis and investigate its effects on oxygen consumption, ammonium excretion, and the neutral red retention time assay to estimate effects at the cellular level. Such investigations have not been carried out before with this species. First, the acute toxicity of 2,4-D to G. brasiliensis in terms of the 24-, 48-, 72-, and 96-h medium lethal concentration (LC(50)) was calculated to be 45.95, 32.49, 28.28, and 15.16 mg/l, respectively. Furthermore, it was found that exposure of fish to 40 mg/l 2,4-D caused reduction in oxygen consumption and ammonium excretion of 59% and 85%, respectively, in relation to the controls. Mean neutral red retention time assay was significantly lower in comparison with control for organisms exposed to 1, 5, 10, and 40 mg/l 2,4-D. However, the effects at the cellular level were progressive, suggesting that the fish are not able to recover from such increasing effects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Effect of 2,4-D herbicide (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) on oxygen consumption and ammonium excretion of juveniles of Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Osteichthyes, Cichlidae)

Barbieri

2008

Ecotoxicology

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“…Heavy metal effects on the respiratory rate of marine and estuarine organisms have not been extensively studied (St-Amand et al 1999;Barbieri 2007). The objective of the present study was, therefore, to investigate the effect of the acute toxicity of cadmium and zinc on the oxygen consumption and ammonium excretion of F. paulensis, a euryhalinic and eurythermal shrimp and an important commercially exploited species in Brazil, at 20°C and 36% salinity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of zinc and cadmium on oxygen consumption and ammonium excretion in pink shrimp (Farfantepenaeus paulensis, Pérez-Farfante, 1967, Crustacea)

Barbieri

2008

Ecotoxicology

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In Brazil, pink shrimp (Farfantepenaeus paulensis) is an important commercially exploited species and is an ideal animal for studying the impairment caused by the effects of heavy metals that are often detected in coastal areas. The main purpose of the present study was to detect the acute toxicity of cadmium and zinc to F. paulensis and investigate their effects on oxygen consumption and ammonium excretion, investigations that have not been carried out in this species before. First, the acute toxicity of zinc and cadmium to F. paulensis for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h--medium lethal concentration was examined, which resulted in the following values: 9.39, 6.00, 4.88, and 3.31 mg/l for zinc and 2.35, 1.67, 1.26, and 0.83 mg/l for cadmium. Furthermore, we also found that exposure of shrimp to zinc and cadmium caused an inhibition in oxygen consumption of 25 and 32.4%, respectively, relative to the control. In addition, after separate exposure to cadmium and zinc, elevations in ammonium excretion were obtained, which were 42.85 and 51.85% higher than the control, respectively.

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“…This method measures the activities of the enzymes that constitute the electron transport system (ETS) at saturated substrate concentrations. Therefore, ETSA represents the potential respiratory rate and has been used to estimate oxygen consumption in various environments and community assemblages, including sediment meiofauna (Olanczukneyman & Vosjan 1977, Broberg 1985, Relexans 1996a, plankton (Kenner & Ahmed 1975a, Owens & King 1975, Packard et al 1975, Bamstedt 1980, Hernández-Leó & Gómez 1996 and marine invertebrates (Cammen et al 1990, St-Amand et al 1999, Martínez et al 2010). The method proposed by Packard in 1971 and modified for application to corals in the present study is based on the reduction of an artificial substrate, 2-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride (INT), by the coenzyme Q cytochrome-b complex.…”

Section: Abstract: Electron Transport System · Ets · Respiration · Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory electron transport system activity in symbiotic corals and its link to calcification

Agostini¹,

Fujimura²,

Fujita³

et al. 2013

Aquat. Biol.

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Scleractinian corals host photosynthetic endosymbionts, making direct measurement of the host respiration rate via incubation methods based on O 2 consumption impossible. We tested the use of the respiratory electron transport system activity (ETSA) for measuring host potential respiration. The applied method, modified from a previous study, is based on the reduction of (4-iodophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride (INT) to formazan. After the development of a protocol suitable for corals, the method was tested on 5 different species. Metabolism, including photosynthesis, dark respiration and light and dark calcification, was measured through incubation. Host and zooxanthellae fractions were separated and their ETSAs, protein contents and zooxanthellae densities were measured. Mean ETSA/dark respiration (ETSA/R) ratios for host corals ranged from 1.7 ± 0.2 to 3.5 ± 0.6, while ratios for zooxanthellae ranged from 3.7 to 7.8. The high ratios observed for zooxanthellae indicate that their respiration may be 5 times higher under light conditions than in the dark. Considering the obtained ratios, host respiration in light could increase at most by a factor of 3.5 compared with dark respiration rates. Ratios close to 1 were found for some specimens, which suggests that higher respiration rates under light compared with dark conditions are not possible. Therefore, increased respiration in light cannot explain the observed enhancement of calcification under light conditions. ETSA was correlated with zooxanthellae density, suggesting adaptation of the levels of host ETS enzymes to the amount of translocated photosynthetates under optimal conditions. Estimated dark host respiration was correlated with photosynthesis, which suggests that it is determined mainly by the amount of energy available but also the amount of electron transport system enzymes. This constrains the amount of ATP available for calcification. Hence, we propose a mechanism by which respiration limits the calcification rate. KEY WORDS: Electron transport system · ETS · Respiration · Calcification · Symbiotic coralsResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher Aquat Biol 18: 125-139, 2013 host photosymbionts known as zooxanthellae, which is the name given to a wide array of different algae of the genus Symbiodinium.The biochemical methods proposed for conducting respiratory measurements include the quantification of respiratory electron transport system activity (ETSA) (Packard 1971), which was later modified by Owens & King (1975). This method measures the activities of the enzymes that constitute the electron transport system (ETS) at saturated substrate concentrations. Therefore, ETSA represents the potential respiratory rate and has been used to estimate oxygen consumption in various environments and community assemblages, including sediment meiofauna (Olanczukneyman & Vosjan 1977, Broberg 1985, Relexans 1996a, plankton (Kenner & Ahmed 1975a, Owens & King 1975, Packard et al. 1975, Bams...

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Effects of inorganic mercury on the respiration and the swimming activity of shrimp larvae, Pandalus borealis

Cited by 21 publications

References 21 publications

Effect of 2,4-D herbicide (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) on oxygen consumption and ammonium excretion of juveniles of Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Osteichthyes, Cichlidae)

Effect of 2,4-D herbicide (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) on oxygen consumption and ammonium excretion of juveniles of Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Osteichthyes, Cichlidae)

Effects of zinc and cadmium on oxygen consumption and ammonium excretion in pink shrimp (Farfantepenaeus paulensis, Pérez-Farfante, 1967, Crustacea)

Respiratory electron transport system activity in symbiotic corals and its link to calcification

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