Effects of Instilled Combustion-Derived Particles in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Part I: Cardiovascular Responses

Wichers, Lindsay B.; Nolan, J. P.; Winsett, Darrell W.; Ledbetter, Allen D.; Kodavanti, Urmila P.; Schladweiler, Mette C.; Costa, Daniel L.; Watkinson, William P.

doi:10.1080/08958370490439696

Cited by 43 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Several animal studies have also observed PM exposure-related changes in cardiac rhythm or function. 326,[397][398][399] There is evidence that PM-related changes in cardiac autonomic function are not independent of pathways that involve pulmonary and systemic oxidative stress. Schwartz et al 308 provide evidence that the PM 2.5 associations with HRV (the high-frequency component) are at least partially mediated by reactive oxygen species.…”

Section: Altered Cardiac Autonomic Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Effects of Fine Particulate Air Pollution: Lines that Connect

Pope

Dockery²

2006

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

5,670

3,159

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Efforts to understand and mitigate the health effects of particulate matter (PM) air pollution have a rich and interesting history. This review focuses on six substantial lines of research that have been pursued since 1997 that have helped elucidate our understanding about the effects of PM on human health. There has been substantial progress in the evaluation of PM health effects at different time-scales of exposure and in the exploration of the shape of the concentration-response function. There has also been emerging evidence of PM-related cardiovascular health effects and growing knowledge regarding interconnected general pathophysiological pathways that link PM exposure with cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality. Despite important gaps in scientific knowledge and continued reasons for some skepticism, a comprehensive evaluation of the research findings provides persuasive evidence that exposure to fine particulate air pollution has adverse effects on cardiopulmonary health. Although much of this research has been motivated by environmental public health policy, these results have important scientific, medical, and public health implications that are broader than debates over legally mandated air quality standards.

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Section: Altered Cardiac Autonomic Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Effects of Fine Particulate Air Pollution: Lines that Connect

Pope

Dockery²

2006

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

5,670

3,159

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“…Early animal studies suggested small or inconsistent effects of PM on BP, [345][346][347] sometimes dependent on the season 348 of exposures. A potential explanation may be variations in experimental protocols, including differences in the delivery, duration, and composition of exposure and the methods used to measure BP.…”

Section: Systemic and Pulmonary Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease

Brook¹,

Rajagopalan²,

Pope³

et al. 2010

Circulation

5,433

3,225

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Abstract-In 2004, the first American Heart Association scientific statement on "Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease" concluded that exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution contributes to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In the interim, numerous studies have expanded our understanding of this association and further elucidated the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved. The main objective of this updated American Heart Association scientific statement is to provide a comprehensive review of the new evidence linking PM exposure with cardiovascular disease, with a specific focus on highlighting the clinical implications for researchers and healthcare providers. The writing group also sought to provide expert consensus opinions on many aspects of the current state of science and updated suggestions for areas of future research. On the basis of the findings of this review, several new conclusions were reached, including the following: Exposure to PM Ͻ2.5 m in diameter (PM 2.5 ) over a few hours to weeks can trigger cardiovascular disease-related mortality and nonfatal events; longer-term exposure (eg, a few years) increases the risk for cardiovascular mortality to an even greater extent than exposures over a few days and reduces life expectancy within more highly exposed segments of the population by several months to a few years; reductions in PM levels are associated with decreases in cardiovascular mortality within a time frame as short as a few years; and many credible pathological mechanisms have been elucidated that lend biological plausibility to these findings. It is the opinion of the writing group that the overall evidence is consistent with a causal relationship between PM 2.5 exposure and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This body of evidence has grown and been strengthened substantially since the first American Heart Association scientific statement was published. Finally, PM 2.5 exposure is deemed a modifiable factor that contributes to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. (Circulation. 2010;121:2331-2378.)

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“…13 Thus, a link between PM exposure and BP changes is viable. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] This review will focus on the most pertinent previously discussed results 12 (Table) along with newly available data.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Physicians Who Treat Hypertension Should Know More About Air Pollution

Brook

2007

J of Clinical Hypertension

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Exposure to ambient levels of particulate matter (PM) air pollution increases the risk of a host of cardiovascular diseases and events. One potential mechanism explaining this association is that acute exposure to PM at high concentrations is capable of raising blood pressure within hours to days. Epidemiologic studies confirm that even commonly encountered levels of airborne pollutants can result in a prohypertensive response in humans. Several biologic pathways may be involved, including autonomic nervous system imbalance and arterial vascular dysfunction/vasoconstriction due to systemic oxidative stress/inflammation triggered by PM inhalation. The clinical importance of this vasopressor response and its relative role in promoting cardiovascular events associated with PM remain unclear. Because air pollution exposure is ubiquitous throughout the world, however, all health care providers and especially those who treat hypertension should be aware of this emerging and important biologic relationship.

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Effects of Instilled Combustion-Derived Particles in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Part I: Cardiovascular Responses

Cited by 43 publications

References 22 publications

Health Effects of Fine Particulate Air Pollution: Lines that Connect

Health Effects of Fine Particulate Air Pollution: Lines that Connect

Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease

Why Physicians Who Treat Hypertension Should Know More About Air Pollution

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